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十一月四日风雨大作（其二）

【作者】陆游【朝代】宋

拼音

译文

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jiāng

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我直挺挺躺在孤寂荒凉的乡村里，没有为自己的处境而感到悲哀，心中还想着替国家防卫边疆。夜将尽了，我躺在床上听到那风雨的声音，迷迷糊糊地梦见，自己骑着披着铁甲的战马跨过冰封的河流。

僵卧孤村不自哀，尚思为国戍轮台。

我直挺挺躺在孤寂荒凉的乡村里，没有为自己的处境而感到悲哀，心中还想着替国家防卫边疆。

夜阑卧听风吹雨，铁马冰河入梦来。

夜将尽了，我躺在床上听到那风雨的声音，迷迷糊糊地梦见，自己骑着披着铁甲的战马跨过冰封的河流。

僵卧孤村不自哀，尚思为国戍轮台。
夜阑卧听风吹雨，铁马冰河入梦来。

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壮志爱国古诗三百首初中古诗情感

出自部编版七年级上《课外古诗词诵读》

《行军九日思长安故园》《夜上受降城闻笛》《夜雨寄北》《秋词（其一）》《峨眉山月歌》《江南逢李龟年》《潼关》

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

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译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

(1)僵卧：躺卧不起。这里形容自己穷居孤村，无所作为。僵，僵硬。
(2)孤村：孤寂荒凉的村庄。
(3)不自哀：不为自己哀伤。
(4)思：想着，想到。
(5)戍（shù）轮台：在新疆一带防守，这里指戍守边疆。戍，守卫。轮台：在今新疆境内，是古代边防重地。此代指边关。
(6)夜阑（lán）：夜深。
(7)风吹雨：风雨交加，和题目中“风雨大作”相呼应；当时南宋王朝处于风雨飘摇之中，“风吹雨”也是时局写照，故诗人直到深夜尚难成眠。
(8)铁马：披着铁甲的战马。
(9)冰河：冰封的河流，指北方地区的河流。

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

《十一月四日风雨大作二首》是南宋诗人陆游创作的七言绝句组诗作品，以“痴情化梦”的手法，深沉地表达了作者收复国土、报效祖国的壮志和那种“年既老而不衰”的矢志不渝精神，向读者展示了诗人的一片赤胆忠心。诗的开头两句，意思紧密相联：“僵卧孤村不自哀”叙述了作者的现实处境和精神状态，“尚思为国戍轮台”是对“不自哀”这种精神状态的解释，前后照应，形成对比。“僵、卧、孤、村”四字写出了作者此时凄凉的境遇。“僵”字写年迈，写肌骨衰老，“卧”字写多病，写常在床蓐；“孤”字写生活孤苦，不仅居处偏僻，而且思想苦闷，没有知音；“村”写诗人贫困村居，过着荒村野老的凄苦生活。四字写出了作者罢官回乡后处境寂寞、窘迫、冷落的生活现状，笼罩着一种悲哀的气氛。“夜阑卧听风吹雨”紧承上两句。因“思”而夜阑不能成眠，不能眠就更真切地感知自然界的风吹雨打声，由自然界的风雨又想到国家的风雨飘摇，由国家的风雨飘摇自然又会联想到战争的风云、壮年的军旅生活。这样听着、想着，辗转反侧，幻化出特殊的梦境——“铁马冰河”，而且“入梦来”反映了政治现实的可悲：诗人有心报国却遭排斥而无法杀敌，一腔御敌之情只能形诸梦境。“铁马冰河入梦来”正是诗人日夜所思的结果，淋漓尽致地表达了诗人的英雄气概。这也是一代志士仁人的心声，是南宋时代的民族正气，感情深沉悲壮，凝聚了诗人的爱国主义激情

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

陆游自南宋孝宗淳熙十六年（1189年）罢官后，闲居家乡山阴农村。此诗作于南宋光宗绍熙三年（1192年）十一月四日。当时诗人已经68岁，虽然年迈，但爱国情怀丝毫未减，日夜思念报效祖国。诗人收复国土的强烈愿望，在现实中已不可能实现，于是，在一个“风雨大作”的夜里，触景生情，由情生思，在梦中实现了自己金戈铁马驰骋中原的愿望。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊

“僵卧孤村不自哀”叙述了作者的现实处境和精神状态

“尚思为国戍轮台”是对“不自哀”前后照应，形成对比。

“僵、卧、孤、村”四字写出了作者此时凄凉的境遇。“僵”字写年迈，写肌骨衰老，“卧”字写多病，写常在床蓐；“孤”字写生活孤苦，不仅居处偏僻，而且思想苦闷，没有知音；“村”写诗人贫困村居，过着荒村野老的凄苦生活。四字写出了作者罢官回乡后处境寂寞、窘迫、冷落的生活现状，笼罩着一种悲哀的气氛。

接下去“不自哀”三字情绪急转，又现出一种乐观豪放之气。

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风卷江湖雨暗村，四山声作海涛翻。溪柴火软蛮毡暖，我与狸奴不出门。僵卧孤村不自哀，尚思为国戍轮台。夜阑卧听风吹雨，铁马冰河入梦来。第一首诗主要写十一月四日的大雨和诗人之处境。前两句以夸张之法写大雨瓢泼，其声响之巨，描绘出黑天大风大雨之境，很是生动，波涛汹涌之声正与作者渴望为国出力、光复中原之心相印。后两句转写近处，描写其所处之境，写出作者因天冷而不思出门，其妙处是把作者的主观之感和猫结合一起写。第二首诗以“痴情化门”的手法，深沉地表达了作者收复国土、报效祖国的壮志和那种“年既老而不衰”的矢志不渝精神，向读者展示了诗人的一片赤胆忠心... 古诗文网>>

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创作背景

作者：佚名

　　陆游自南宋孝宗淳熙十六年（1189年）罢官后，闲居家乡山阴农村。此作于南宋光宗绍熙三年（1192年）十一月四日。当时诗人已经68岁，虽然年迈... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

陆游（1125—1210），字务观，号放翁。汉族，越州山阴（今浙江绍兴）人，南宋著名诗人。少时受家庭爱国思想熏陶，高宗时应礼部试，为秦桧所黜。孝宗时赐进士出身。中年入蜀，投身军旅生活，官至宝章阁待制。晚年退居家乡。其一生笔耕不辍，今存九千多首，内容极为丰富。与王安石、苏轼、黄庭坚并称“宋代四大诗人”，又与杨万里、范成大、尤袤合称“南宋四大家”。著有《剑南诗稿》、《渭南文集》、《南唐书》、《老学庵笔记》等。百科详情>>

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十一月四日风雨大作（其二）

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