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【作者】《诗经·郑风》【朝代】先秦

拼音

译文

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青青的是你的衣领，悠悠的是我的心境。纵然我不曾去会你，难道你就此断音信？青青的是你的佩带，悠悠的是我的情怀。纵然我不曾去会你，难道你不能主动来？来来往往张眼望啊，在这高高城楼上啊。一天不见你的面啊，好像已有三月长啊！

青青子衿，悠悠我心。纵我不往，子宁不嗣音？

青青的是你的衣领，悠悠的是我的心境。纵然我不曾去会你，难道你就此断音信？

青青子佩，悠悠我思。纵我不往，子宁不来？

青青的是你的佩带，悠悠的是我的情怀。纵然我不曾去会你，难道你不能主动来？

挑兮达兮，在城阙兮。一日不见，如三月兮！

来来往往张眼望啊，在这高高城楼上啊。一天不见你的面啊，好像已有三月长啊！

标签:

诗经

出自部编版八年级下《课外古诗词诵读》

《卜算子·黄州定慧院寓居作》《卜算子·咏梅》《题破山寺后禅院》《式微》《送杜少府之任蜀州》《送友人》《望洞庭湖赠张丞相》

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

①子衿：周代读书人的服装。子，男子的美称，这里即指“你”。衿：即襟，衣领。
②嗣（yí）音：传音讯。嗣，通“贻”，给、寄的意思。
③佩：这里指系佩玉的绶带。
④挑（tāo）兮达（tà）兮：独自走来走去的样子。
⑤城阙：城门两边的观楼。

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

全诗三章，采用倒叙手法。前两章以“我”的口气自述怀人。“青青子衿”，“青青子佩”，是以恋人的衣饰借代恋人。对方的衣饰给她留下这么深刻的印象，使她念念不忘，可想见其相思萦怀之情。如今因受阻不能前去赴约，只好等恋人过来相会，可望穿秋水，不见影儿，浓浓的爱意不由转化为惆怅与幽怨：“纵然我没有去找你，你为何就不能捎个音信？纵然我没有去找你，你为何就不能主动前来？” 第三章点明地点，写她在城楼上因久候恋人不至而心烦意乱，来来回回地走个不停，觉得虽然只有一天不见面，却好像分别了三个月那么漫长。全诗五十字不到，但女主人公等待恋人时的焦灼万分的情状宛然如在目前。这种艺术效果的获得，在于诗人在创作中运用了大量的心理描写。诗中表现这个女子的动作行为仅用“挑”“达”二字，主要笔墨都用在刻划她的心理活动上，如前两章对恋人既全无音问、又不见影儿的埋怨，末章“一日不见，如三月兮”的独白。两段埋怨之辞，以“纵我”与“子宁”对举，急盼之情中不无矜持之态，令人生出无限想像，可谓字少而意多。末尾的内心独白，则通过夸张修辞技巧，造成主观时间与客观时间的反差，从而将其强烈的情绪心理形象地表现了出来，可谓因夸以成状，沿饰而得奇。心理描写手法，在后世文坛已发展得淋漓尽致，而上溯其源，此诗已开其先。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

关于此诗的背景，现代学者一般认为这是一首情歌。歌者热恋着一位青年，他们相约在城阙见面，但久等不至，歌者望眼欲穿，焦急地来回走动，埋怨情人不来赴约，更怪他不捎信来，于是唱出此诗寄托其情思。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊

“青青子衿”至“子宁不来”采用了什么手法？这八句对仗工整，以排比的手法写出了对方服饰给主人公留下的深刻印象

有何作用？进而用反问句淋漓尽致地表达了主人公对恋人的无比思念之情。

全文虽寥寥几十字，人物形象却十分鲜明，为什么会达到如此效果？诗人在创作中运用了大量的心理描写。诗中表现这个女子的动作行为仅用“挑”“达”二字，主要笔墨都用在刻画她的心理活动上，如前两章对恋人既全无音信、又不见影儿的埋怨，末章“一日不见，如三月兮”的独白。两段埋怨之辞，以“纵我”与“子宁”对举，急盼之情中不无矜持之态，令人生出无限想象，可谓字少而意多。

赏析

由于孔子曾说过“《诗》三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪”（《论语》），经学家便将《诗经》的每首诗都套上“思无邪”的灵光圈，致使一部《诗经》竞成了儒家的道德教科书。如此篇《子衿》，《毛诗序》认为“刺学校废也，乱世则学校不修焉”。孔颖达疏进一步解释说：“郑国衰乱不修学校，学者分散，或去或留，故陈其留者恨责去者之辞，以刺学校之废也。经三章皆陈留者责去者之辞也。”可是在诗中实在看不出什么“学校废”的迹象朱熹指出：“此亦淫奔之诗。”（《诗集传》）倒是看出这是男女相悦之辞，纠正了前人的曲解臆说。
这首诗写一个女子在城楼上等候她的恋人。全... 古诗文网>>

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