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陶侃惜谷

【作者】司马光【朝代】北宋

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陶侃尝出游，见人持一把未熟稻，侃问：“用此何为？”人云：“行道所见，聊取之耳。”侃大怒诘曰：“汝⑺既不田，而戏贼人稻！”执而鞭之。是以百姓勤于农植，家给人足。

标签:

初中文言文寓理故事

译文注释

陶侃曾经外出游玩，看到一个人拿着一把还成熟的稻穗，陶侃问：你为什么用这个呢？那人说：我走在路上看见的，姑且取来玩玩罢了。陶侃非常生气地说：你既然不种田，还随意戏弄别坏的庄稼！于是把那人抓住用鞭子抽打。因此老百姓都勤恳地耕地，家家生活宽裕，人人丰衣足食。

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译文注释

尝：曾经。
出：外出。
持：拿着。
何为：即为何，疑问代词作宾语，宾语前置。指干什么。
云：说。
聊：姑且。
耳：罢了。
汝：
你不田：不种田。
田：名词作动词，种田。
贼：毁害，毁坏，损害，伤害。
执：抓住。
鞭：名词作动词，抽打。
是以：因此。
勤于农植：即于农植勤，对农业肯下苦力。
给：富裕，足，丰足。
足：足够。
聊取之耳：随便取来玩玩罢了。汝既不田你既不努力种田。
戏贼坏稻：为了游戏破坏农民的庄稼。
陶侃：史称陶侃为荆州刺史，在所辖的长江中游地区，甚至道不拾遗。这显然与他的爱惜民力，重视生产有关。(
出：外出持而鞭之，
而：表转折。

来源：

作者介绍

司马光（1019年11月17日－1086年），字君实，号迂叟，汉族，陕州夏县（今山西夏县）涑水乡人，世称涑水先生，北宋史学家、文学家。历仕仁宗、英宗、神宗、哲宗四朝，卒赠太师、温国公，谥文正，为人温良谦恭、刚正不阿；做事用功刻苦、勤奋。以“日力不足，继之以夜”自诩，其人格堪称儒学教化下的典范，历来受人景仰。宋仁宗时中进士，英宗时进龙图阁直学士。宋神宗时，反对王安石施行变法，朝廷内外有许多人反对，司马光就是其中之一。王安石变法以后，司马光离开朝廷十五年，主持编纂了中国历史上第一部编年体通史《资治通鉴》。生平著作甚多，主要有史学巨著《资治通鉴》、《温国文正司马公文集》、《稽古录》、《涑水记闻》、《潜虚》等。百科详情>>

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