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【作者】佚名【朝代】先秦

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nán

南

shān

山

yǒu

有

tái

台

，

běi

北

shān

山

yǒu

有

lái

莱

。

lè

乐

zhǐ

只

jūn

君

子

，

bāng

邦

jiā

家

zhī

之

jī

基

。

lè

乐

zhǐ

只

jūn

君

子

，

wàn

万

shòu

寿

wú

无

qī

期

。

nán

南

shān

山

yǒu

有

sāng

桑

，

běi

北

shān

山

yǒu

有

yáng

杨

。

lè

乐

zhǐ

只

jūn

君

子

，

bāng

邦

jiā

家

zhī

之

guāng

光

。

lè

乐

zhǐ

只

jūn

君

子

，

wàn

万

shòu

寿

wú

无

jiāng

疆

。

nán

南

shān

山

yǒu

有

qǐ

杞

，

běi

北

shān

山

yǒu

有

lǐ

李

。

lè

乐

zhǐ

只

jūn

君

子

，

mín

民

zhī

之

fù

父

mǔ

母

。

lè

乐

zhǐ

只

jūn

君

子

，

dé

德

yīn

音

bù

不

yǐ

已

。

nán

南

shān

山

yǒu

有

kǎo

栲

，

běi

北

shān

山

yǒu

有

chǒu

杻

。

lè

乐

zhǐ

只

jūn

君

子

，

xiá

遐

bù

不

méi

眉

shòu

寿

。

lè

乐

zhǐ

只

jūn

君

子

，

dé

德

yīn

音

shì

是

mào

茂

。

nán

南

shān

山

yǒu

有

gǒu

枸

，

běi

北

shān

山

yǒu

有

yú

楰

。

lè

乐

zhǐ

只

jūn

君

子

，

xiá

遐

bù

不

huáng

黄

gǒu

耇

。

lè

乐

zhǐ

只

jūn

君

子

，

bǎo

保

ài

艾

ěr

尔

hòu

后

。

南山有台，北山有莱。
乐只君子，邦家之基。
乐只君子，万寿无期。
南山有桑，北山有杨。
乐只君子，邦家之光。
乐只君子，万寿无疆。
南山有杞，北山有李。
乐只君子，民之父母。
乐只君子，德音不已。
南山有栲，北山有杻。
乐只君子，遐不眉寿。
乐只君子，德音是茂。
南山有枸，北山有楰。
乐只君子，遐不黄耇。
乐只君子，保艾尔后。

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目的祝福乐歌诗经

译文注释

南山生柔莎，北山长嫩藜。君子很快乐，为国立根基。君子真快乐，万年寿无期。
南山生绿桑，北山长白杨。君子很快乐，为国争荣光。君子真快乐，万年寿无疆。
南山生枸杞，北山长李树。君子很快乐，人民好父母。君子真快乐，美名必永驻。
南山生鸭椿，北山长菩提。君子真快乐，高年寿眉齐。君子真快乐，美德充天地。
南山生枳椇，北山长苦楸。君子很快乐，那能不长寿。君子真快乐，子孙天保佑。

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译文注释

⑴台：通“薹”，莎草，又名蓑衣草，可制蓑衣。
⑵莱：藜草，嫩叶可食。
⑶只：语助词。
⑷杞（qǐ）：枸杞。
⑸德音：好名誉。
⑹栲：树名，山樗，俗称鸭椿。
⑺杻（nǐu）：树名，檍树，俗称菩提树。
⑻遐：何。眉寿：高寿。眉有秀毛，是长寿之相。
⑼茂：美盛。
⑽枸（jǔ）：树名，即枳椇。
⑾楰（yú）：树名，即鼠梓，也叫苦楸。
⑿黄耇（ɡǒu）：毛传：“黄，黄发；耇，老。”
⒀保艾：保养。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

全诗五章，章六句，每章开头均以南山、北山的草木起兴，民歌味十足。南山有台、有桑、有杞、有栲、有枸，北山有莱、有杨、有李、有杻、有楰，正如国家之拥有具备各种美德的君子贤人。兴中有比，富有象征意义。但是兴语的作用还有为章节起势和变化韵脚以求叶韵的作用。在此诗中，这两点表现得尤为明显。如果直说“乐只君子，邦家之基；乐只君子，万寿无期”等，则显得突兀和浅直，加上“南山有台，北山有莱”等后，诗顿时生色不少，含蓄而委婉，诗的韵律也由此而和谐自然。兴语之后，是表功祝寿。每章两次直呼“乐只君子”，可以见出祝者和被祝者之间的亲密关系。前三章“邦家... 古诗文网>>

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