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赠从弟（其二）

【作者】刘桢【朝代】东汉末年

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译文

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高山上挺拔耸立的松树，顶着山谷间瑟瑟呼啸的狂风。风声是如此的猛烈，而松枝是如此的刚劲！任它满天冰霜惨惨凄凄，松树的腰杆终年端端正正。难道是松树没有遭遇凝重的寒意？不，是松柏天生有着耐寒的本性！

亭亭山上松，瑟瑟谷中风。

高山上挺拔耸立的松树，顶着山谷间瑟瑟呼啸的狂风。

风声一何盛，松枝一何劲！

风声是如此的猛烈，而松枝是如此的刚劲！

冰霜正惨凄，终岁常端正。

任它满天冰霜惨惨凄凄，松树的腰杆终年端端正正。

岂不罹凝寒？松柏有本性。

难道是松树没有遭遇凝重的寒意？不，是松柏天生有着耐寒的本性。

亭亭山上松，瑟瑟谷中风。
风声一何盛，松枝一何劲！
冰霜正惨凄，终岁常端正。
岂不罹凝寒？松柏有本性。

标签:

松树咏物言志古诗三百首动植物初中古诗目的数字

出自部编版八年级上《课外古诗词诵读》

《相见欢（金陵城上西楼）》《浣溪沙（一曲新词酒一杯）》《庭中有奇树》《采桑子（轻舟短棹西湖好）》《如梦令（常记溪亭日暮）》《梁甫行》《龟虽寿》

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

高山上挺拔耸立的松树，顶着山谷间瑟瑟呼啸的狂风。风声是如此的猛烈，而松枝是如此的刚劲！任它满天冰霜惨惨凄凄，松树的腰杆终年端端正正。难道是松树没有遭遇凝重的寒意？不，是松柏天生有着耐寒的本性。

︾查看更多︽收起更多

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

(1)亭亭：高耸的样子。
(2)瑟瑟：形容寒风的声音。
(3)何：多么。
(4)惨凄：凛冽、严酷。
终岁：常年。
(5)罹（lí）凝寒：遭受严寒。罹，遭受。
(6)”岂不罹凝寒？松柏有本性”二句是说，难道松柏没有遭到严寒的侵凌吗？（但是它依然青翠如故，)这是它的本性决定的。
(7)本文选自《先秦汉魏晋南北朝·魏诗》卷三。刘桢（？--217），东汉末诗人，建安七子之一，以五言诗著称。有《赠从弟》诗三首，都用比兴的修辞手法。这是第二首。作者以松柏为喻，赞颂松柏能够挺立风中而不倒，经严寒而不凋。勉励他的堂弟坚贞自守，不因外力压迫而改变本性。
(8)从弟：魏晋时期指代同一个曾祖不同祖父的堂弟。

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

这首诗看似咏物，实为言志，借青松之刚劲，明志向之坚贞。全诗由表及里，由此及彼，寓意高远，气壮脱俗。起首二句，即以松的高洁之态动人情思，风的肃杀之声逼人警觉，三四两句则加强了抒情的氛围，五六两句，由风势猛烈而发展到酷寒的冰霜，由松枝的刚劲而拓宽为一年四季常端正，越发显出环境的严酷和青松岁寒不凋的特性，最后两句变换句式，以有力的一问一答作结。全诗以松树为中心，写得集中紧凑。反复咏歌，却不平板单调。用词朴素无华，风骨雄健，气势有力。不重在工笔细描，而以层层深入事物的内核见长。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

刘桢生逢乱世，遭遇坎坷，因战乱离开家乡，漂泊到中原的许（今河南许昌）一带。世积乱离、风衰俗怨的政治社会，使他对现实生活有深切的体验，不仅没有产生对人生、前途的厌倦空幻之感，作品中还充分表现出积极进取的理想因素。《赠从弟》诗三首便写于此时。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊

《赠从弟三首》是汉末三国时期诗人刘桢的组诗作品。

这三首诗运用比兴之法，分咏蘋藻、松柏、凤凰三物

诗人以蘋藻、松柏、凤凰高洁、坚贞的品性、远大的怀抱，勉励其堂弟坚贞自守，不因外力压迫而改变本性，亦以自勉。

全诗长于比兴，文字平实，言简意明，风格古朴。三四句中两个“一何”的区别：第一个“一何”突出谷中风的迅疾凶猛，第二个“一何”突出青松的雄健挺拔。

赏析

刘的刚劲挺拔，卓荦不凡曹丕称“其五言诗之善者，妙绝时人”。《赠从弟》共三首，为其代表作，尤以第二首著称于世。
《赠从弟》（其二）貌似咏物，实为言志，借青松之刚劲，明志向之坚贞。全诗由表及里，由此及彼，寓意高远，气壮脱俗。
起首二句，即以松的高洁之态动人情思，风的肃杀之声逼人警觉。用“亭亭”标示松的傲岸姿态，用“瑟瑟”摹拟刺骨的风声。绘影绘声，简洁生动。又以“谷中”映衬“山上”，更突出了位居全诗中心的青松的傲骨。
起首二句以客观描写为主，三四两句则加强了抒情的氛围。而且在似乎不相关的松和风之间冲突顿起，令听... 古诗文网>>

刘桢（？－217），字公干，东平（今山东省东平县）人，“建安七子”之一，刘桢的诗风格劲挺，不重雕饰。作品流传很少，现仅存十五首。
刘桢有《赠从弟》诗三首，都采用的比兴手法。本作是第二首，作者以松柏为喻，勉励他的堂弟坚贞自守，不要因外力压迫而改变本性。
“亭亭山上松，瑟瑟谷中风”，开篇描写出松柏树的整体形象：高耸挺拔，立于高山之上，笑迎“瑟瑟”寒风，不向严寒低头，不在恶势力下弯腰，高俊雄伟，傲骨铮铮。
三四两句“风声一何盛，松枝一何劲”意思是说风声是多么的凶猛，松枝在风中又是多么的刚劲。是对风声与松树都予以... 诗词名句网>>

作者介绍

刘桢（？-217），三国时魏名士，建安七子之一。字公干，山东东平宁阳人。博学有才，与魏文帝友善。后以不敬罪被刑，刑后署吏。所作五言诗，风格遒劲，语言质朴，重名于世，今有《刘公干集》。百科详情>>

赠从弟（其二）

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