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人月圆·玄都观里桃千树

【作者】元好问【朝代】金

拼音

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xuán

玄

dōu

都

guān

观

lǐ

里

táo

桃

qiān

千

shù

树

，

huā

花

luò

落

shuǐ

水

kōng

空

liú

流

。

píng

凭

jūn

君

mò

莫

wèn

问

：

qīng

清

jīng

泾

zhuó

浊

wèi

渭

，

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去

mǎ

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来

niú

牛

。

xiè

谢

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公

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扶

bìng

病

，

yáng

羊

tán

昙

huī

挥

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涕

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yī

一

zuì

醉

dōu

都

xiū

休

。

gǔ

古

jīn

今

jǐ

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dù

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cún

存

huá

华

wū

屋

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qiū

丘

。

玄都观里桃千树，花落水空流。凭君莫问：清泾浊渭，去马来牛。谢公扶病，羊昙挥涕，一醉都休。古今几度，生存华屋，零落山丘。

标签:

散曲写景抒情

译文注释

玄都观里曾有无数株桃花烂漫盛开，而今早已水流花谢，不复存在。请您不必去寻求明白：奔流着的是清泾还是浊渭，苍茫之中是马去还是牛来。谢安重回故地已经带上了病态，羊昙为他的下世流泪痛哀。这样的存殁之感，在我酩酊一醉之后便淡然忘怀。要知道古往今来有多少同样的感慨：活着时身居高厦大宅，到头来免不了要在荒凉的山丘中把尸骨掩埋。

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赏析

元太宗十一年（1239）元好问回到阔别二十余年的故乡秀容（今山西沂县）。其时金朝已亡，生母张氏已久故，“外家”人物零落殆尽。《人月圆》小令即作于此时。
同题的第一首：“重冈已隔红尘断，村落更年丰。移居要就，窗中远岫，舍后长松。十年种木，一年种谷，都付儿童。老夫惟有，醒来明月，醉后清风。”表达了“卜居”东园后屏隔红尘、醉度余生的感受。
人显然还有许许多多的话要说，又像是什么都说不出来。于是一连串寓意深沉的典故，便替代了作者的自白，成为这第二首曲子的特殊的景观。
先看一、二句。“玄都观里桃千树”，注释中已说过... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

元好问（音取hào，喜爱之意，名与字义同），生活在北方中国金元之际，系出北魏鲜卑族拓跋氏，元好问过继叔父元格。字裕之，号遗山，太原秀容（今山西忻州）人。七岁能诗，十四岁从学郝天挺，六载而业成。兴定五年（1221）进士，不就选；正大元年（1224 ），中博学宏词科，授儒林郎，充国史院编修，历镇平、南阳、内乡县令。八年（1231）秋，受诏入都，除尚书省掾、左司都事，转员外郎；金亡不仕，元宪宗七年卒于获鹿寓舍；工诗文，在金元之际颇负重望；诗词风格沉郁，并多伤时感事之作。其《论诗》绝句三十首在中国文学批评史上颇有地位；作有《遗山集》又名《遗山先生文集》，编有《中州集》。百科详情>>

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