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出塞二首·其一

【作者】王昌龄【朝代】唐

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译文

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qín

秦

shí

时

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明

yuè

月

hàn

汉

shí

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关

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dàn

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将

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在

，

bú

不

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教

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胡

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马

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。

依旧是秦汉时期的明月和边关，守边御敌鏖战万里征人未回还。倘若龙城的飞将李广如今还在，绝不许匈奴南下牧马度过阴山。

秦时明月汉时关，万里长征人未还。

依旧是秦汉时期的明月和边关，守边御敌鏖战万里征人未回还。

但使龙城飞将在，不教胡马度阴山。

倘若龙城的飞将李广如今还在，绝不许匈奴南下牧马度过阴山。

秦时明月汉时关，万里长征人未还。
但使龙城飞将在，不教胡马度阴山。

标签:

爱国写景唐诗三百首情感场景战争景色忧国忧民边塞

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

依旧是秦汉时期的明月和边关，守边御敌鏖战万里征人未回还。倘若龙城的飞将李广如今还在，绝不许匈奴南下牧马度过阴山。

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译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

1.但使：只要。
2.龙城飞将：《汉书·卫青霍去病传》载，元光六年（前129年），卫青为车骑将军，出上谷，至笼城，斩首虏数百。笼城，颜师古注曰：“笼”与“龙”同。龙城飞将指的是卫青奇袭龙城的事情。其中，有人认为龙城飞将中飞将指的是汉飞将军李广，龙城是唐代的卢龙城（卢龙城就是汉代的李广练兵之地，在今河北省喜峰口附近一带，为汉代右北平郡所在地），纵观李广一生主要的时间都在抗击匈奴，防止匈奴掠边，其中每次匈奴重点进攻的汉地天子几乎都是派遣李广为太守，所以这种说法也不无道理。
3.不教：不叫，不让。教，让。
4.胡马：指侵扰内地的外族骑兵。
5.度：越过。在漫长的边防线上，战争一直没有停止过，去边防线打仗的战士也还没有回来。要是攻袭龙城的大将军卫青和飞将军李广今天还依然健在，绝不会让敌人的军队翻过阴山。

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

《出塞》是唐代诗人王昌龄创作的一首边塞诗。这首诗既有景物描写，又有心理刻画;既表露了对边防战士的同情，又委婉讽刺了朝廷用人不当，同时表达了对平息边塞战事的美好愿望。诗人把边境战争放在历史的长河中去考察，从而丰富了诗的内涵。“秦时明月汉时关”，从千年以前、万里之外下笔，开始就创设了一个雄浑苍茫的特殊境界。声调高昂，气势博大，耐人寻味，统摄全篇。边关月色，常为触发征人思乡的景物。边塞诗中写到“关”“月”的不乏其例。但本诗在“明月”与“关”前分别冠以“秦时”和“汉时”，把空间景物融入时间因素，给人以丰富的联想。其意义便不仅限于表明在悠长的历史岁月里战争从未休止，而且还别有一种苍茫雄浑的意境，令人产生厚重的历史感。三、四句“但使”和“不教”在引导读者思考、体悟之中自然而然地深化了主题思想，流露出无比强烈的民族自豪感：只有李广那样的将领，才无愧于明月和雄关，无愧于中华民族的历史。这首诗以雄劲的笔触，对当时的边塞战争生活作了高度的艺术概括，慨叹边战不断以及国无良将，反映出人民要求平息边患享受安定生活的美好愿望。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

在唐朝后期，边境经常发生战乱，一些周边的少数民族经常挑衅，发动战争。在这样的背景之下，唐朝著名的边塞诗人王昌龄便写了《出塞》以此来表达自己的爱国之情，同时也表明自己捍卫祖国领土，维护国家安全的决心。《出塞》是王昌龄在去西戎的路上所创作的。作为一名边塞将领，王昌龄通过这两首诗，非常形象的表现出了守边战士的威猛善战，更是表达了自己作为一名军人，对于国家的热爱和战争的感悟以及对于广大劳动人民的同情之情。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊

《出塞》是一首边塞诗。

“秦时明月汉时关”属于互文见义，秦汉时代的明月和雄关，即明月和雄关依然和秦汉时代一样。

“飞将”指西汉名将李广，曾任右北平太守，治卢龙县。也有一种说法说指西汉名将卫青。

诗中用“但使”“不教”的假设句对古代英雄人物飞将军李广充满无限景仰之情，对现今将领的讽刺含意不言自明。

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这是一首著名的边塞，表达了诗人希望起任良将，早日平息边塞战事，使人民过上安定的生活的愿望。
诗人从描写景物景入手，首句勾勒出一幅冷月照边关的苍凉景象。“秦时明月汉时关”不能理解为秦时的明月汉代的关。这里是秦、汉、关、月四字交错使用，在修辞上叫“互文见义”，意思是秦汉时的明月，秦汉时的关。诗人暗示，这里的战事自秦汉以来一直未间歇过，突出了时间的久远。次句“万里长征人未还”，“万里”指边塞和内地相距万里，虽属虚指，却突出了空间辽阔。“人未还”使人联想到战争给人带来的灾难，表达了诗人悲愤的情感。
怎样才能解脱人民的困苦... 古诗文网>>

这是一首名作，明代诗人李攀龙曾经推奖它唐人七绝的压卷之作。清沈德潜《说诗ㄧ语》说：“‘秦时明月’一章，前人推奖之而未言其妙，盖言师劳力竭，而功不成，由将非其人之故；得飞将军备边，边烽自熄，即高常侍《燕歌行》归重‘至今人说李将军’也。防边筑城，起于秦汉，明月属秦，关属汉，诗中互文。”他这段话批评李攀龙只知推奖此诗而未言其妙，可是他自己也只是说明了全诗的主旨，并没有点出作者的匠心。
沈氏归纳的全诗的主旨基本是对的，但这个主旨的思想是很平凡的。为什么这样平凡的思想竟能写成为一首压卷的绝作呢？原来，这首诗里，有一句最美最耐人寻味... 诗词名句网>>

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讲解

作者：佚名

　　本被人们称为：“唐朝七绝之首”。

　　这是一首慨叹边战不断，国无良将的边塞诗。诗的首句最耐人寻味。说的是此地汉关，明月秦时，大有历史... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

王昌龄 (698— 757），字少伯，河东晋阳（今山西太原）人。盛唐著名边塞诗人，后人誉为“七绝圣手”。早年贫贱，困于农耕，年近不惑，始中进士。初任秘书省校书郎，又中博学宏辞，授汜水尉，因事贬岭南。与李白、高适、王维、王之涣、岑参等交厚。开元末返长安，改授江宁丞。被谤谪龙标尉。安史乱起，为刺史闾丘晓所杀。其诗以七绝见长，尤以登第之前赴西北边塞所作边塞诗最著，有“诗家夫子王江宁”之誉。百科详情>>

出塞二首·其一

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