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杨柳枝词九首·其一

【作者】刘禹锡【朝代】唐

拼音

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杨

liǔ

柳

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枝

。

塞北梅花羌笛吹，淮南桂树小山词。
请君莫奏前朝曲，听唱新翻杨柳枝。

标签:

乐曲

译文注释

塞北的《梅花落》用羌笛吹奏，楚辞《招隐士》是淮南小山作词。请君不要再演奏前朝的歌曲，来听听演唱新创作的《杨柳枝》。城南小路城东郊外，正值早春到来之时，过往行人相逢会面何处没有杨柳依依？桃花艳红李花洁白人都称赞，这美景还须杨柳助力。翡翠帷帘轻轻遮掩着宫门，宫里人在宫殿台阶上遥望御河边的杨柳丝。御河水面上人面杨柳互相辉映，使长安城里的少年几欲抓狂。金谷园中群莺乱飞，铜驼陌上春风吹拂。城中的桃花李花一会儿就凋谢了，怎么那垂杨柳没有时限的束缚？花萼楼前杨柳初种时节，美人在楼上与它比试腰肢。如今柳条被抛掷在长街上，枝叶露珠如泪不知怨恨谁？隋炀帝的行宫在汴水一侧几株残柳配不上明媚的春色。晚风吹起柳絮像雪花飞舞，飞进宫墙里去却不见人迹。宫前小路京城东门杨柳轻拂，垂下金色丝缕千万条。现在把柳条打成同心结，拿来送给远行的人，他知道不知道？城外春风吹动酒店旗帜，行人告别已是夕阳西下之时。长安道上华美树木数不胜数，只有杨柳寄托相思别离。柳条轻盈袅娜有美好的年华，舞榭和妆楼处处在她的遮掩下。春天到头柳絮飞扬留不住，随风好好飞去，不知落到谁家？

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译文注释

杨柳枝：此调本为隋曲，与隋堤有关。传至开元，为唐教坊曲名。白居易翻旧曲为新歌，时人相继唱和，亦七言绝句。
梅花：指汉乐府横吹曲中的《梅花落》。
桂树：指西汉淮南王刘安的门客小山作的《招隐士》，其首句为桂树丛生兮山之幽。
翻：改编；一说演奏。
南陌：城南的小路。陌，小路。
春早时：早春时期。
桃红李白：桃花艳红，李花洁白。
凤阙：指长安城的宫阙。
龙池：皇家宫殿上的台阶。一作龙墀。
麴尘丝：指柳条，柳丝。麴尘，淡黄色。柳叶呈鹅黄色，故称。
御沟：流经皇宫中的渠流。
金谷园：指晋石崇于洛阳金谷涧中所筑的园馆，泛指富贵人家的豪华园林。
铜驼：即铜驼街，因洛阳城汉时铸造两只铜铸骆驼而得名，洛阳繁华游冶之地。亦有借指闹市者。此代指洛阳。
花萼楼：唐玄宗于兴庆宫西南建花萼相辉之楼，简称花萼楼。
腰支：即腰肢，指腰身，身段，体态。
炀帝：即隋炀帝杨广。
汴水：汴河，隋炀帝时期开凿的大运河。
御陌：都城的街道。
青门：即汉代长安城的东南门，因门色青，呼为青门。一作东门。
绾：旋绕打结。
挥袂：挥手告别。
日西时：黄昏。
唯有：只有。
绾：系念，挂念。一作管。
袅娜：柔软细长貌。
絮花：一作絮飞。

来源：

赏析

刘禹锡的乐府小章《杨柳枝词》，一共有九首，这是其中的第一首，可说是这组的序曲，鲜明地表现了他在文学创作上的革新精神。
首句“梅花”，指汉乐府横吹曲中的《梅花落》曲，用笛子吹奏（羌笛是笛的一种），其曲调流行后世，南朝以至唐代文人鲍照吴均徐陵卢照邻沈佺期等都有《梅花落》歌词，内容都与梅花有关。（见《乐府诗集》卷二四）这句意思说，起源于塞北的《梅花落》是用笛子吹奏的乐曲。
次句讲的是《楚辞》中的《招隐士》篇。相传西汉淮南王刘安门客小山之徒作《招隐士》篇来表现屈原的哀悼。《招隐士》首句云，“桂树丛生兮山之幽”，下文又两处... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

刘禹锡（772－842年），字梦得，晚年自号庐山人，汉族，中国唐朝洛阳（今河南洛阳）人。自言系出中山（今河北定州），其先中山靖王刘胜，又自称“家本荥上，籍占洛阳”。近人卞孝萱则提出刘禹锡是匈奴族后裔，出生于嘉兴的新说，据邓声斌先生考证其父刘绪遭遇安史之乱，举族东迁定居彭城。刘禹锡为贞元九年（793）进士。初在淮南节度使杜佑幕府中任记室，为杜佑所器重。后从杜佑入朝，为监察御史。贞元末，与柳宗元，陈谏、韩晔等结交于王叔文，形成了一个以王叔文为首的政治集团。后任朗州司马、连州刺史、夔州刺史、和州刺史、主客郎中、礼部郎中、苏州刺史等职，刘禹锡的最后一任是太子宾客，故后世题他的诗文集为《刘宾客集》。白居易赞其“彭城刘梦得，诗豪者也”，故刘禹锡又有有中唐“诗豪”之称，是中唐杰出的政治家、哲学家、诗人和散文家。百科详情>>

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