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【作者】黄庭坚【朝代】宋

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半世交亲随逝水，几人图画入凌烟？
春风春雨花经眼，江北江南水拍天。
欲解铜章行问道，定知石友许忘年。
脊令各有思归恨，日月相催雪满颠。

标签:

友情相思春天抒怀情感

译文注释

半世交往，亲密的情谊像流水般地过去，有几人能建立功名，绘像在凌烟？又是春风，又是春雨，又是番春花过眼；我怅望着江南，怅望着江北，只见到波浪拍天。我想解下铜印辞去官职前去寻求人生的真谛，知道你这位金石之友一定不会嫌弃，彼此忘掉年龄辈分的界限。我们都深深地思念着自己的兄长，但欲归不得，日月相催，都已是白发苍颜。

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译文注释

①元明：的哥哥的字。子由：的弟弟的字。元明有寄与在筠州（今江西高安悬）监盐酒税的子由，庭坚依其用韵次第同作。
②凌烟：阁名，在唐代长安太极宫内。唐太宗曾令著名人物画家将功臣等二十四人的像画在阁内，以表彰他们的勋劳。这两句是说他们兄弟交好，已有多年，但都在政争中遭到失败，时光像流水般过去了，却没有为国家效力的机会。
③这两句写花开江涨之景，因以寄托其离别相思之情。此诗于1082年（元丰四年）春天作于太和县，所以描写春景。
④古代居官时，将印带佩在腰上（汉代规定县令是铜章墨绶）；离职，就得解下来。所以欲解铜章，就是要想辞去知悬的意思。苏轼在和苏辙《与兄子瞻会宿》诗题中说：“子由自少旷达，天资近道，又得至人养生长年之诀。”可见子由是曾经求仙学道的。行问道就是要向子由学道。行：将。石友：交谊坚贞如石的朋友，指子由。忘年：年长的人和年少的人交朋友。不计较年龄上的差异，称为忘年文或忘年友。苏辙比黄庭坚大七岁。许忘年，是说料想子由定会同意自己的要求。
⑤《诗经·雅·常棣》：“脊令在原，兄弟急难。”脊令，水鸟名，首尾动摇相应，以比喻兄弟有危急时，互相帮助。这句是说子由怀念苏轼，也如自己怀念元明，彼此都以不能同回家园时常相聚为恨。
⑥雪满颠：比喻白发满头。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

这首诗是1081年（元丰四年黄庭坚知吉州太和县（今江西泰和）时所作，年三十七岁。这时苏辙（子由）贬官在筠州（治所在今江西高安）监盐酒税。黄庭坚兄黄元明（名大临）寄给子由的诗，起二句说：“钟鼎功名淹管库，朝廷翰墨写风烟。”黄庭坚次韵作此诗寄子由。
此诗起二句说：我们的交亲虽有半世之久，而时光如逝水，有几个人建立了功业呢？“逝水”，暗用《论语》：“子在川上曰：‘逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜。’”“凌烟阁”是唐太宗为纪念功臣而给他们画像之地。此二句笔势兀傲宏放，“次句接得不测，不觉其对”（方东树评语，见《续昭昧詹言》卷七）。第三四两句... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

黄庭坚（1045－1105），字鲁直，自号山谷道人，晚号涪翁，又称豫章黄先生，汉族，洪州分宁（今江西修水）人。北宋诗人、词人、书法家，为盛极一时的江西诗派开山之祖，而且，他跟杜甫、陈师道和陈与义素有“一祖三宗”（黄为其中一宗）之称。英宗治平四年(1067)进士。历官叶县尉、北京国子监教授、校书郎、著作佐郎、秘书丞、涪州别驾、黔州安置等。诗歌方面，他与苏轼并称为“苏黄”；书法方面，他则与苏轼、米芾、蔡襄并称为“宋代四大家”；词作方面，虽曾与秦观并称“秦黄”，但黄氏的词作成就却远逊于秦氏。百科详情>>

次元明韵寄子由

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