约客

【作者】赵师秀【朝代】宋

译文

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黄梅时节家家雨，青草池塘处处蛙。

梅子黄时，家家都被笼罩在雨中，长满青草的池塘边上，传来阵阵蛙声。

有约不来过夜半，闲敲棋子落灯花。

时间已过午夜，已约请好的客人还没有来，我无聊地轻轻敲着棋子，震落了点油灯时灯芯结出的疙瘩。

黄梅时节家家雨，青草池塘处处蛙。
有约不来过夜半，闲敲棋子落灯花。

标签:

写景古诗三百首写人季节写雨人物夏天初中古诗景色生活

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

梅子黄时，家家都被笼罩在雨中，长满青草的池塘边上，传来阵阵蛙声。时间已过午夜，已约请好的客人还没有来，我无聊地轻轻敲着棋子，震落了点油灯时灯芯结出的疙瘩。

︾查看更多︽收起更多

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

(1)约客：邀请客人来相会。

(2)黄梅时节：五月，江南梅子熟了，大都是阴雨绵绵的时候，称为“梅雨季节”，所以称江南雨季为“黄梅时节”。意思就是夏初江南梅子黄熟的时节。家家雨：家家户户都赶上下雨。形容处处都在下雨。

(3)处处蛙：到处是蛙声。

(4)有约：即为邀约友人。

(5)落灯花：旧时以油灯照明，灯心烧残，落下来时好像一朵闪亮的小花。落，使……掉落。灯花，灯芯燃尽结成的花状物。

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

《约客》是南宋诗人赵师秀创作的一首七言绝句。这首诗写的是诗人在一个风雨交加的夏夜独自期客的情景。前二句交代了当时的环境和时令。“黄梅”、“雨”、“池塘”、“处处蛙”，写出了江南梅雨季节的夏夜之景：雨声不断，蛙声一片，这看似表现得很“热闹”的环境，实际上诗人要反衬出它的“寂静”。后二句点出了人物和事情。主人耐心地而又有几分焦急地等着，没事可干，“闲敲”棋子，静静地看着闪闪的灯花。诗歌采用写景寄情的写法，表达了诗人内心含而不露的寂寞之情。情景交融、清新隽永、耐人寻味。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

诗人准备和约好的客人对弈来渡过漫长的梅雨之夜。可是大半夜过去了，客人还没有如约而至，于是诗人写下了这首写景抒情诗。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊

“家家雨”既描绘出夏季梅雨的无所不在与急骤密集，表现乡村之景的清新静谧，又暗寄示了客人不能如期赴约的客观原因，流露出诗人对绵绵梅雨这种阴雨天气的无奈。

“处处蛙”既是写池塘中蛙声阵阵，又是采用以声衬静的写法，烘托出梅雨时节乡村夜晚的恬静和谐气氛，同时还折射出诗人落寞孤寂与烦躁不安的心境。

诗中的”闲“是无聊的意思，全文是采用借景抒情的写作手法。

这首诗另一个明显的特点是对比手法的运用。前两句写户外的“家家雨”、“处处蛙”，直如两部鼓吹，喧聒盈耳。后两句写户内的一灯如豆，枯坐敲棋，寂静无聊，恰与前文构成鲜明对照，通过这种对照，更深地表现了诗人落寞失望的情怀。

赏析

与人约会而久候不至，难免焦躁不安，这大概是每个人都会有的经验，以此入，就难以写得蕴藉有味。然而赵师秀的这首小诗状此种情致，却写得深蕴含蓄，余味曲包。 “黄梅时节家家雨，青草池塘处处蛙”，诗歌前两句写景，描绘出一幅江南夏雨图。梅雨季节，阴雨连绵，池塘水涨，蛙声不断，乡村之景是那么清新恬静、和谐美妙。但是，“一切景语皆情语”，诗人在这里并非为写景而写景，而是于景中寄寓了他独自期客的复杂思想感情。“家家雨”既描绘出夏季梅雨的无所不在与急骤密集，表现乡村之景的清新静谧，又暗示了客人不能如期赴约的客观原因，流露出诗人对绵绵梅雨这种阴雨天气... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

赵师秀（1170～1219年）字紫芝，号灵秀，亦称灵芝，又号天乐。永嘉（今浙江温州）人。南宋诗人。百科详情>>

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