十二月十九日夜中发鄂渚晓泊汉阳亲旧携酒追送聊为短句

【作者】黄庭坚【朝代】宋

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接淅报官府，敢违王事程。
宵征江夏县，睡起汉阳城。
邻里烦追送，杯盘泻浊清。
袛应瘴乡老，难答故人情。

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送别友情贬谪

译文注释

等不到煮饭就得向官府报到，岂敢违背王事规定的期程？连夜乘船从江夏出发，一觉醒来已经到达汉阳城。麻烦乡里邻居赶来送行，杯盘里泻的酒有浊有清。我只该在蛮瘴之乡老死，难得再有机会报答故人的深情。

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译文注释

鄂渚：相传在今湖北武昌黄鹤山上游三百步长江中。隋置鄂州，即因渚得名。世称鄂州为鄂渚。汉阳：今属湖北武汉。亲旧：犹亲故。短句：古代的七言诗歌，人们习惯称长句，五言则为短句。接淅：捧着已经淘湿的米，来不及将生米煮熟。淅，淘过的米。敢：岂敢。王事：王命差遣的公事。程：期限。宵征句：是说连夜从武昌出发。宵征，夜行。追送：偏义复词，实指送，殷勤地送别。浊清：偏义复词，实指清，清香的好酒。瘴乡：南方瘴疠之地，易使人生病。这里指宜州（治所在今广西宜山）。老：终老，到老死去。答：报答。

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赏析

1101年（宋徽宗建中靖国元年）黄庭坚在沙市寓居，直到冬天过去。1102年（崇宁元年）春，返回老家分宁。六月赴太平州任职，作了九天的宫，便罢为管勾洪州玉隆观。九月，移至鄂州（治所在今湖北武汉市武昌）寓居。他命运多舛，到鄂州后的第二年，便被人摘录他在荆州所作《承天院塔记》中的只言片语，编造出“幸灾谤国”的罪名，构成冤狱，远谪瘴疠之地的宜州（治所在今广西宜山），限即刻起程。1103年（崇宁二年）十二月十九日晚，人在凛冽的夜风中，以老病之身，乘船赴贬所，写下了这首律诗。古代的七言诗歌，人们习惯称长句，五言则为短句，故诗题说“聊为短句”... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

黄庭坚（1045－1105），字鲁直，自号山谷道人，晚号涪翁，又称豫章黄先生，汉族，洪州分宁（今江西修水）人。北宋诗人、词人、书法家，为盛极一时的江西诗派开山之祖，而且，他跟杜甫、陈师道和陈与义素有“一祖三宗”（黄为其中一宗）之称。英宗治平四年(1067)进士。历官叶县尉、北京国子监教授、校书郎、著作佐郎、秘书丞、涪州别驾、黔州安置等。诗歌方面，他与苏轼并称为“苏黄”；书法方面，他则与苏轼、米芾、蔡襄并称为“宋代四大家”；词作方面，虽曾与秦观并称“秦黄”，但黄氏的词作成就却远逊于秦氏。百科详情>>

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