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寄东林慧海上人

【作者】岳飞【朝代】宋

拼音

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作者介绍

岳飞（1103—1142），字鹏举，南宋相州汤阴县永和乡孝悌里（今河南省安阳市汤阴县程岗村）人，中国历史上著名的军事家、战略家、民族英雄，位列南宋中兴四将之首。他于北宋末年投军，从1128年遇宗泽起到1141年为止的十余年间，率领岳家军同金军进行了大小数百次战斗，所向披靡，“位至将相”。1140年，完颜兀术毁盟攻宋，岳飞挥师北伐，先后收复郑州、洛阳等地，又于郾城、颍昌大败金军，进军朱仙镇。宋高宗、秦桧却一意求和，以十二道金牌下令退兵，岳飞在孤立无援之下被迫班师。在宋金议和过程中，岳飞遭受秦桧、张俊等人的诬陷，被捕入狱。1142年1月，岳飞以“莫须有”的“谋反”罪名与长子岳云和部将张宪同被朝廷杀害。宋孝宗时岳飞冤狱被平反，改葬于西湖畔栖霞岭。后又追谥武穆、忠武，追封鄂王。岳飞是南宋最杰出的统帅，他重视人民抗金力量，缔造了“连结河朔”之谋，主张黄河以北的抗金义军和宋军互相配合，夹击金军，以收复失地。岳飞治军，赏罚分明，纪律严整，又能体恤部属，以身作则，他率领的“岳家军”号称“冻杀不拆屋，饿杀不打掳”。金人流传着“撼山易，撼岳家军难”的名句，表示对“岳家军”的最高赞誉。岳飞反对宋廷“仅令自守以待敌，不敢远攻而求胜”的消极防御战略，一贯主张积极进攻，以夺取抗金斗争的胜利。他是南宋初唯一组织大规模进攻战役的统帅。岳飞的文学才华也是将帅中少有的，他的不朽词作《满江红》，是千古传诵的爱国名篇，另有《岳忠武王文集》传世。百科详情>>

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