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伯牙鼓琴，锺子期听之。方鼓琴而志在太山，锺子期曰：“善哉乎鼓琴！巍巍乎若太山。”少选之间而志在流水，锺子期又曰：“善哉乎鼓琴！汤汤乎若流水。”锺子期死，伯牙破琴绝弦，终身不复鼓琴，以为世无足复为鼓琴者。

标签:

音乐知音小学文言文故事

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

伯牙擅长弹琴，钟子期擅长倾听琴声。伯牙弹琴的时候，心里想到巍峨的泰山，钟子期听了赞叹道：“太好了！就像巍峨的泰山屹立在我的面前！”伯牙弹琴时，心里想到宽广的江河，钟子期赞叹道：“好啊，宛如一望无际的江河在我面前流动！” 无论伯牙弹琴的时候心里想到什么，钟子期都会清楚地道出他的心声。钟子期去世后，伯牙就此认为世界上再也没有他的知音了。于是，他坚决地把自己心爱的琴摔破了，挑断了琴弦，终生不再弹琴，以便绝了自己对钟子期的思念。

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译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

1.善：擅长，善于。
2.鼓：弹奏。
3.听：倾听。
4.绝：断绝。
5.志在高山:心中想到高山。
6.曰：说。
7.善哉:赞美之词，有夸奖的意思。即"好啊"、“妙啊”或“太棒了”。善，好；哉，语气词,表示感叹。
8.峨峨:高。
9.兮:语气词，相当于“啊”。
10.若：像……一样。
11.洋洋：广大。
12.念：心里所想的。
13.必：一定，必定。
14.之：他。
15.谓：认为，以为。
16.知音：理解自己心意，有共同语言的人。
17.乃：就。
18.复：再,又。
19.弦：在这里读作xián的音。
20.志在流水：心里想到河流。
21.阴：山北或水南为阴。反之，山南水北为阳。

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

俞伯牙弾一手好琴，钟子期有一副善解人意的耳朵，两厢合拍，留下“高山流水遇知音”的千古佳话。音乐(不是歌曲)并不表达具体的意思，钟子期能听出“琴心”，可见重要的不是有一副“音乐的耳朵”(音乐素养)，而是心心相印。人生最大的寂寞就是对牛弹琴，把一腔心音洒向空气，因而，在这个意义上，没有钟子期，就没有俞伯牙。那天在泰山脚下避雨撞见钟子期，应该是俞伯牙一生中最幸福的邂逅了，两人的身份悬殊，弹琴者是朝廷大夫，是省长部长一级的高干；听琴、解琴者不过是上山砍柴的一个樵夫。樵夫敢说，有胆，大夫首肯，有量。没有阶层等级、只有肝胆相照。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

钟子期因病亡故，伯牙悲痛万分，认为这世上再也不会有知音了，天下再不会有人像钟子期一样能体会他演奏的意境。所以就把自己最心爱的琴摔碎，挑断琴弦，终生不再弹琴。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊

吕不韦，姜姓，吕氏，名不韦，卫国濮阳人

战国末年商人、政治家、思想家，秦国丞相，姜子牙23世孙

《伯牙绝弦》写出了俞伯牙和锺子期之间情谊深厚、重情重义的情感和知音难觅的现象。

运用了用典和比喻的修辞手法。

伯牙绝弦

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