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北人食菱

【作者】江盈科【朝代】明

拼音

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北人生而不识菱者，仕于南方，席上啖菱，并壳入口。或曰：“食菱须去壳。”其人自护所短，曰：“我非不知，并壳者，欲以去热也。”问者曰：“北土亦有此物否？”答曰：“前山后山，何地不有？”
夫菱生于水而曰土产，此坐强不知以为知也。

标签:

写人哲理讽刺小学文言文故事

译文注释

有个出生在北方不认识菱角的人，在南方做官，（一次）他在酒席上吃菱角，（那个人）连角壳一起放进嘴里吃。有人对他说：“吃菱角必须去掉壳再吃。”那人为了掩饰自己的缺点，（护住自己的无知），说：“我并不是不知道，连壳一起吃进去的原因，是想要清热解毒。”问的人说：“北方也有这种东西吗？”他回答说：“前面的山后面的山，哪块地没有呢？”
菱角生长在水中,（他）却说是在土里生长的，这是因为他为了装作有学问，硬要把不知道的说成知道的。

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译文注释

1.北人：北方人。
2.识：知道。
3.菱：俗称菱角，形状像牛头，紫红色，水生植物，果实可以煮着吃。性喜温暖和充足阳光，盛产于我国中部和南部。果实有硬壳。
4.仕于：（仕途）在……做官。于，在。
5.席：酒席。
6.啖：吃。
7.并壳：连同皮壳。
8.或：有人。
9曰：说。
10.食：食用，在这里可以指吃。
11.去：去除，去掉。
12.护：掩饰。
13.短：缺点，短处,不足之处。
14.并：一起。
15.欲：想要。
16.以：用来。
17.答：回答。
18.何：哪里。
19.而：表示转折，此指却。
20.坐：因为，由于。
21.强（qiǎng)：本文中指“勉强”。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。如果强不知以为知，就会闹出笑话，被人耻笑。世界上的知识是无穷无尽的，而每个人的学识能力是有限的，只有虚心潜学，才能得到真知。讽刺的生命在于真实。这则小故事不仅在情节构思上遵循了生活的真实，更在于北人强不知以为知的做法与表现在现实生活中极具普遍性与代表性。古诗文网>>

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