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山人劝酒

【作者】李白【朝代】唐

拼音

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，

gǔ

骨

qīng

青

suǐ

髓

lǜ

绿

zhǎng

长

měi

美

hǎo

好

。

chēng

称

shì

是

qín

秦

shí

时

bì

避

shì

世

rén

人

，

quàn

劝

jiǔ

酒

xiāng

相

huān

欢

bù

不

zhī

知

lǎo

老

。

gè

各

shǒu

守

mí

麋

lù

鹿

zhì

志

，

chǐ

耻

suí

随

lóng

龙

hǔ

虎

zhēng

争

。

chuā

欻

qǐ

起

zuǒ

佐

tài

太

子

，

hàn

汉

wáng

王

nǎi

乃

fù

复

jīng

惊

。

gù

顾

wèi

谓

qī

戚

fū

夫

rén

人

，

bǐ

彼

wēng

翁

yǔ

羽

yì

翼

chéng

成

。

guī

归

lái

来

shāng

商

shān

山

xià

下

，

fàn

泛

ruò

若

yún

云

wú

无

qíng

情

。

jǔ

举

shāng

觞

lèi

酹

cháo

巢

yóu

由

，

xǐ

洗

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耳

hé

何

dú

独

qīng

清

。

hào

浩

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望

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嵩

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岳

，

yì

意

qì

气

hái

还

xiāng

相

qīng

倾

。

苍苍云松，落落绮皓。
春风尔来为阿谁，蝴蝶忽然满芳草。
秀眉霜雪颜桃花，骨青髓绿长美好。
称是秦时避世人，劝酒相欢不知老。
各守麋鹿志，耻随龙虎争。
欻起佐太子，汉王乃复惊。
顾谓戚夫人，彼翁羽翼成。
归来商山下，泛若云无情。
举觞酹巢由，洗耳何独清。
浩歌望嵩岳，意气还相倾。

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仕途乐府感伤

译文注释

松柏苍翠挺拔，高入云端，商山四皓的胸襟豁达开朗。又到了温暖的春日，春风为谁而轻轻吹拂？小草绿了，花儿开了，芳香在满园弥漫。引来了蝴蝶，在绿丛花间翩翩飞舞。商山四皓长得眉清目秀，眉间充溢着一片侠义傲骨。他们自称是秦代避乱世而居的人，归隐在林间过着闲适无忧的生活，饮酒谈笑间，不知道年老将至。他们各自守着隐居山野的志向，以项羽和刘邦的楚汉之争为耻。汉朝基业确立后，刘邦多次请商山四皓出山辅佐，他们都没有答应。忽然间辅佐了刘邦的太子，刘邦为此而惊叹不已，回头告诉戚夫人说，虽然想改换戚夫人的儿子继承大业，但无奈太子羽翼已成，有贤人辅佐而改动不得了。巢父和许由归隐在南山之下，似乎像飘忽不定的云一样无情于世间的尘事。不禁举起酒杯，把酒洒在地上以祭拜巢父和许由，洗耳不闻尘间事是多么清净啊！唱着浩歌，仰望着贤人所居的嵩岳，他们和我的志向十分相投。

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译文注释

落落：豁达、开朗。
绮皓：指商山四皓，是秦代末年四位白发苍苍的老人，他们隐居在商山，人称商山四皓。
阿谁：谁人。
麋鹿志：指隐居山野的志向。
龙虎争：刘邦和项羽的楚汉之争。
欻：忽然，突然。
酹：用酒洒地以祭拜。
洗耳：这里运用了典故。尧召许由，欲将帝位传给他，许由不想听，就洗耳于颍水之滨。
相倾：指意气相投。

来源：

赏析

《山人劝酒》是乐府旧题郭茂倩《乐府集》编此诗入《奉曲歌辞》。诗咏商山四皓健拔如苍松，落拓不羁，仙风道骨，青春不老，春风和煦向他送暖，蝴蝶翩翩为之起舞。作品着重称颂四皓“各守麋鹿志。耻随龙虎争”的高洁之志。尤其赞誉其以隐士的身份出山辅佐太子，安定了汉朝储皇之位。尔后功成身退，复归商山，毫不系情于官禄爵们，其高风亮节直可追步上古高士巢父、许由。这正符合李白一向所追求的“功成拂衣去，归入武陵园”的理想，所以在本篇对四皓表达了极高的敬慕之情。这和李白其他诗篇颂扬“千古高风”的鲁仲连、安期生等功成身退的名士一样，不过是以咏叹古人来抒写诗人... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

李白（701－762），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。汉族，祖籍陇西成纪，出生于碎叶城（当时属唐朝领土，今属吉尔吉斯斯坦），4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。李白生活在盛唐时期，二十五岁时只身出蜀，开始了广泛漫游生活，南到洞庭湘江，东至吴、越，寓居在安陆、应山。直到天宝元年（742），因道士吴筠的推荐，李白被召至长安，供奉翰林，后因不能见容于权贵，在京仅两年半，就赐金放还而去，然后飘荡四方的漫游生活。李白和杜甫并称“李杜”。他的诗歌既反映了时代的繁荣景象，也揭露了统治阶级的荒淫和腐败，表现出蔑视权贵，反抗传统束缚，追求自由和理想的积极精神。百科详情>>

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