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【作者】佚名【朝代】先秦

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信陵君杀晋鄙，救邯郸，破秦人，存赵国，赵王自郊迎。
唐雎谓信陵君曰：“臣闻之曰：事有不可知者，有不可不知者；有不可忘者，有不可不忘者。”信陵君曰：“何谓也？”对曰：“人之憎我也，不可不知也；吾憎人也，不可得而知也。人之有德于我也，不可忘也；吾有德于人也，不可不忘也。今君杀晋鄙，救邯郸，破秦人，存赵国，此大德也。今赵王自郊迎，卒然见赵王，愿君之忘之也。”信陵君曰：“无忌谨受教。”

标签:

古文观止对话目的劝谏高中文言文文言文

译文注释

信陵君杀了晋鄙，救下邯郸，打败了秦兵，使赵国得以幸存。赵孝成王亲自到郊外去迎接他。这时，唐雎对信陵君说：“我听说，事情有不可以知道的，有不可以不知道的；有不可以忘掉的，有不可以不忘掉的。”信陵君说：“这话怎样讲呢？”唐雎回答说：“别人憎恨我，不可以知道；我憎恶别人，是不可以让人知道的；别人有恩德于我，是不可以忘记的；我有恩德于别人，是不可以不忘记的。如今，你杀了晋鄙，救下邯郸，打败秦兵，保存了赵国，这对赵国是大恩德。现在，赵王亲自到郊外迎接你。你很快就会见到赵王了，希望你把救赵王的事忘掉吧!”信陵君说：“无忌我敬遵你的教诲。”

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译文注释

①唐雎：唐雎（jū）,战国时代魏国著名策士。为人有胆有识，忠于使命，不畏强权，敢于斗争并敢于为国献身。有90岁高龄西说强秦使秦不敢加兵的魏国。曾经在魏国灭亡后出使秦国，冒死与秦王抗争，粉碎秦王吞并安陵（魏国属国）的阴谋。
②说：shui（第四声），游说之意。
③信陵君杀晋鄙：指信陵君杀了晋鄙，救下邯郸，打败了秦兵，保存了赵国之事。
④破：打败，打垮。
⑤存：存在，存活。这里是使......幸存。
⑥憎：憎恨，讨厌，厌烦等不好的方面。
⑦德：恩惠。这里指别人对自己好的的方面。
⑧卒然：“卒”通“猝”，突然。
⑨谨:郑重。
⑩受教：接受教诲。

来源：古诗文网

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本文通过唐雎向信陵君的进言，说明一个人做了好事切不可居功自傲、于人有恩德的事不应放在心上的主旨。文章在表现这一主旨时，不是用直白方法，而是迂回切入。唐雎先从事情有不可知、不可不知，不可忘、不可不忘四种情况说起，再具体为人之憎我、我之憎人，人有德于我、我有德于人而应采取的不可不知、不可得而知，不可忘和不可不忘的四种态度，最后才落实到信陵君救赵一事上，说明这是有德于赵、不可不忘之事。辩证说来，环环相扣，严谨有致；语句反复，却不刻板，回环有味，令人深思。这篇文章，篇幅至短，而文气则甚宽舒，在简单交代信陵君窃符救赵，赵王郊迎的背景之后，... 古诗文网>>

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　　本文通过唐雎向信陵君的进言，说明一个人做了好事切不可居功自傲、于人有恩德的事不应放在心上的主旨。

　　文章在表现这一主旨时，不是用直... 古诗文网>>

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