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水调歌头·游览

【作者】黄庭坚【朝代】宋

拼音

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瑶草一何碧，春入武陵溪。溪上桃花无数，花上有黄鹂。我欲穿花寻路，直入白云深处，浩气展虹霓。只恐花深里，红露湿人衣。
坐玉石，欹玉枕。拂金徽。谪仙何处，无人伴我白螺杯。我为灵芝仙草，不为朱唇丹脸，长啸亦何为。醉舞下山去，明月逐人归。

标签:

情感宋词三百首抒怀目的想象纪游

译文注释

瑶草多么碧绿，春天来到了武陵溪。溪水上有无数桃花，花的上面有黄鹂。我想要穿过花丛寻找出路，却走到了白云的深处，彩虹之巅展现浩气。只怕花深处，露水湿了衣服。
坐着玉石，靠着玉枕，拿着金徽。被贬谪的仙人在哪里，没有人陪我用田螺杯喝酒。我为了寻找灵芝仙草，不为表面繁华，长叹为了什么。喝醉了手舞足蹈地下山，明月仿佛在驱逐我回家。

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译文注释

⑴水调歌头：词牌名，又名“元会曲”“台城游”“凯歌”“江南好”“花犯念奴”等。双调九十五字，平韵（宋代也有用仄声韵和平仄混用的）。相传隋炀帝开汴河自制《水调歌》，唐人演为大曲， “歌头”就是大曲中的开头部分。
⑵瑶草：仙草。汉东方朔《东方大中集 ·与友人书》云：“不可使尘网名鞍拘锁，怡然长笑，脱去十洲三岛，相期拾瑶草，吞日月之光华，共轻举耳。”
⑶武陵溪：陶渊明《桃花源记》称晋太元中武陵郡渔人入桃花源，所见洞中居民，生活恬静而安逸，俨然另一世界。故常以“武陵溪”或“武陵源”指代幽美清净、远离尘嚣的地方。武陵：郡名，大致相当于今湖南常德。桃源的典故在后代词中又常和刘晨、阮肇入天台山遇仙女的传说混杂在一起。
⑷枝：一作“花”。
⑸“我欲”三句：元李治《敬斋古今红》卷八：“东坡《水调歌头》：‘我欲乘风归去，又恐琼楼玉宇，高处不胜寒。起舞弄清影，何似在人间？’一时词手，多用此格。如鲁直云：‘我欲穿花寻路，直入白云深处，浩气展虹蜕。只恐花深里，红露湿人衣。’盖效坡语也。”
⑹“红露”句：化用唐代王维《山中》“山路元无雨，空翠湿人衣”诗句。
⑺倚：依。一作“欹”。
⑻金徽：金饰的琴徽，用来定琴声高下之节。这里指琴。
⑼谪仙：谪居人间的仙人。李白《对酒忆贺监》诗序：“太子宾客贺公（知章）于长安紫极宫一见余，呼余为谪仙人。”
⑽螺杯：用白色螺壳雕制而成的酒杯。
⑾灵芝：菌类植物。古人以为灵芝有驻颜不老及起死回生之功，故称仙草。
⑿“醉舞”二句：李白《下终南山过斛斯山人宿置酒》：“暮从碧山下，山月随人归。”

来源：古诗文网

赏析

此词为春行纪游之作，词人采用幻想的镜头，描写神游“桃花源”的情景，反映了他出世、入世交相冲撞的人生观，表现了他对污浊的现实社会的不满以及不愿媚世求荣、与世同流合污的品德。据此看来，此词大约写于词人被贬谪时期。
开头一句，词人采用比兴手法，热情赞美瑶草（仙草）像碧玉一般可爱，使词作一开始就能给人一种美好的印象，激起人们的兴味，把读者不知不觉地引进作品的艺术境界中去。从第二句开始，则用倒叙的手法，逐层描写神仙世界的美丽景象。
“春入武陵溪”，具有承上启下的作用。这里，词人巧妙地使用了陶渊明《桃花源记》的典故。陶渊明描... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

黄庭坚（1045－1105），字鲁直，自号山谷道人，晚号涪翁，又称豫章黄先生，汉族，洪州分宁（今江西修水）人。北宋诗人、词人、书法家，为盛极一时的江西诗派开山之祖，而且，他跟杜甫、陈师道和陈与义素有“一祖三宗”（黄为其中一宗）之称。英宗治平四年(1067)进士。历官叶县尉、北京国子监教授、校书郎、著作佐郎、秘书丞、涪州别驾、黔州安置等。诗歌方面，他与苏轼并称为“苏黄”；书法方面，他则与苏轼、米芾、蔡襄并称为“宋代四大家”；词作方面，虽曾与秦观并称“秦黄”，但黄氏的词作成就却远逊于秦氏。百科详情>>

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