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独坐敬亭山

【作者】李白【朝代】唐

拼音

译文

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zhòng

众

niǎo

鸟

gāo

高

fēi

飞

jìn

尽

，

gū

孤

yún

云

dú

独

qù

去

xián

闲

。

xiāng

相

kàn

看

liǎng

两

bù

不

yàn

厌

，

zhǐ

只

yǒu

有

jìng

敬

tíng

亭

shān

山

。

群鸟高飞无影无踪，孤云独去自在悠闲。我们互相看着都不觉满足，只有我和眼前的敬亭山了。

众鸟高飞尽，孤云独去闲。

群鸟高飞无影无踪，孤云独去自在悠闲。

相看两不厌，只有敬亭山。

我们互相看着都不觉满足，只有我和眼前的敬亭山了。

众鸟高飞尽，孤云独去闲。
相看两不厌，只有敬亭山。

标签:

小学古诗情感写景人物写人孤独景色无奈写山数字

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

群鸟高飞无影无踪，孤云独去自在悠闲。我们互相看着都不觉满足，只有我和眼前的敬亭山了。

︾查看更多︽收起更多

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

(1)敬亭山：在今安徽宣城市北。《元和郡县志》记载：“在宣城县北十里。山有万松亭、虎窥泉。”《江南通志》卷一六宁国府：“敬亭山在府城北十里。府志云：古名昭亭，东临宛、句二水，南俯城闉，烟市风帆，极目如画。”
(2)尽：没有了。
(3)孤云：陶渊明《咏贫士》中有“孤云独无依”的句子。朱谏注：“言我独坐之时，鸟飞云散，有若无情而不相亲者。独有敬亭之山，长相看而不相厌也。” (4)独去闲：独去，独自去。闲，形容云彩飘来飘去，悠闲自在的样子。孤单的云彩飘来飘去。
(5)两不厌：指诗人和敬亭山而言。厌：满足。

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

这两句的意象以“众星拱月”式并置，前句中心词“鸟”是中心意象，加上“飞”字形成一个复合意象，强化动态表现意义。“众鸟”原可以让读者联想到山中闲静宁谧的场景，群鸟儿在空山中婉转鸣啼，有一种格外的逸趣，而眼前，众鸟高飞，离人越来越远，“高”字起到一个拓展空间的作用，抬头仰望，空阔的蓝天上，鸟儿在远走高飞，直至看不见。一个“尽”字，增强了此句的表现力度，表现出李白此时的万般惆怅。后句“云”为中心词，与“去”复合，默默的云也在渐渐飘走。而云并非满天白云，原本就只是“孤云”无伴，偏偏还悠闲地慢慢地飘离。诗人以“闲”写出了孤云的状态，突出了离去的过程，让读者在品味孤云离去的状态时，感知诗人内心的不忍和无奈。三、四两句“相看两不厌，只有敬亭山”用浪漫主义手法，将敬亭山人格化、个性化。尽管鸟飞云去，诗人仍没有回去，也不想回去，他久久地凝望着幽静秀丽的敬亭山，觉得敬亭山似乎也正含情脉脉地看着他自己。他们之间不必说什么话，已达到了感情上的交流。“相看两不厌”表达了诗人与敬亭山之间的深厚感情。“相”、“两”二字同义重复，把诗人与敬亭山紧紧地联系在一起，表现出强烈的感情。同时，“相看”也点出此时此刻唯有“山”和“我”的孤寂情景与“两”字相重，山与人的相依之情油然而生。结句中“只有”两字也是经过锤炼的，更突出诗人对敬亭山的喜爱。“人生得一知己足矣”，鸟飞云去对诗人来说不足挂齿。这两句诗所创造的意境仍然是“静”的，表面看来，是写了诗人与敬亭山相对而视，脉脉含情。实际上，诗人愈是写山的“有情”，愈是表现出人的“无情”；而他那横遭冷遇，寂寞凄凉的处境，也就在这静谧的场面中透露出来了。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

詹锳《李白诗文系年》系此诗于天宝十二载（公元753年），并认为与《登敬亭山南望怀古赠窦主簿》为前后之作。也有人提出不同看法，认为这首诗写于何年，在李白留存的诗稿中并没有注明，而认为这首诗写于天宝十二载只是后人推测所得出的结论。这首诗作于唐肃宗上元二年（761年）的可能性更大。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊

敬亭山：在今安徽宣城市北。

孤云：陶渊明《咏贫士诗》中有“孤云独无依”的句子。

独去闲：独去，独自去。

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敬亭山在宣州（治所在今安徽宣城），宣州是六朝以来江南名郡，大诗人如谢灵运、谢朓等曾在这里做过太守。李白一生凡七游宣城，这首五绝作于天宝十二载（753）秋游宣州时，距他被迫于天宝三载离开长安已有整整十年时间了。长期飘泊生活，使李白饱尝了人间辛酸滋味，看透了世态炎凉，从而加深了对现实的不满，增添了孤寂之感。此诗写独坐敬亭山时的情趣，正是诗人带着怀才不遇而产生的孤独与寂寞的感情，到大自然怀抱中寻求安慰的生活写照。
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作者介绍

李白（701－762），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。汉族，祖籍陇西成纪，出生于碎叶城（当时属唐朝领土，今属吉尔吉斯斯坦），4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。李白生活在盛唐时期，二十五岁时只身出蜀，开始了广泛漫游生活，南到洞庭湘江，东至吴、越，寓居在安陆、应山。直到天宝元年（742），因道士吴筠的推荐，李白被召至长安，供奉翰林，后因不能见容于权贵，在京仅两年半，就赐金放还而去，然后飘荡四方的漫游生活。李白和杜甫并称“李杜”。他的诗歌既反映了时代的繁荣景象，也揭露了统治阶级的荒淫和腐败，表现出蔑视权贵，反抗传统束缚，追求自由和理想的积极精神。百科详情>>

独坐敬亭山

创作背景

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