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滁州西涧

【作者】韦应物【朝代】唐

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译文

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最是喜爱涧边生长的幽幽野草，还有那树丛深处婉转啼唱的黄鹂。春潮不断上涨，还夹带着密密细雨。荒野渡口无人，只有一只小船悠闲地横在水面。

独怜幽草涧边生，上有黄鹂深树鸣。

最是喜爱涧边生长的幽幽野草，还有那树丛深处婉转啼唱的黄鹂。

春潮带雨晚来急，野渡无人舟自横。

春潮不断上涨，还夹带着密密细雨。荒野渡口无人，只有一只小船悠闲地横在水面。

独怜幽草涧边生，上有黄鹂深树鸣。
春潮带雨晚来急，野渡无人舟自横。

标签:

情感写景唐诗三百首抒情初中古诗景色山水

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

最是喜爱涧边生长的幽幽野草，还有那树丛深处婉转啼唱的黄鹂。春潮不断上涨，还夹带着密密细雨。荒野渡口无人，只有一只小船悠闲地横在水面。

︾查看更多︽收起更多

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

(1)滁州：在今安徽滁州以西。西涧：在滁州城西，俗名称上马河。
(2)独怜：唯独喜欢。幽草：幽谷里的小草。幽，一作“芳”。生：一作“行”。
(3)深树：枝叶茂密的树。深，《才调集》作“远”。树，《全唐》注“有本作‘处’”。
(4)春潮：春天的潮汐。
(5)野渡：郊野的渡口。横：指随意飘浮。

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

首二句写春景、爱幽草而轻黄鹂，以喻乐守节，而嫉高媚；后二句写带雨春潮之急，和水急舟横的景象，蕴含一种不在其位，不得其用的无可奈何之忧伤。全诗表露了恬淡的胸襟和忧伤之情怀。诗写暮春景物。“独怜幽草涧边生，上有黄鹂深树鸣”。是说：诗人独喜爱涧边生长的幽草，上有黄莺在树阴深处啼鸣。这是清丽的色彩与动听的音乐交织成的幽雅景致。暮春之际，群芳已过，诗人闲行至涧，但见一片青草萋萋。这里幽草，深树，透出境界的幽冷，虽然不及百花妩媚娇艳，但它们那青翠欲滴的身姿，那自甘寂寞、不肯趋时悦人的风标，与作者好静的性格相契，自然而然地赢得了诗人的喜爱。这里，“独怜”二字，感情色彩至为浓郁，是诗人别有会心的感受。它表露了作者闲适恬淡的心境。王安石有“绿阴幽草胜花时”之句，写初夏之景，与此同一立意。首句，写静；次句，则写动。莺啼婉啭，在树丛深处间关滑动。莺啼似乎打破了刚才的沉寂和悠闲，其实在诗人静谧的心田荡起更深一层涟漪。次句前头着一“上”字，不仅仅是写客观景物的时空转移，重要的是写出了诗人随缘自适、怡然自得的开朗和豁达。接下来两句侧重写荒津野渡之景。景物虽异，但仍然循此情愫作展衍：“春潮带雨晚来急，野渡无人舟自横”。这两句是说：到傍晚时分，春潮上涨，春雨淅沥，西涧水势顿见湍急。郊野渡口，本来就荒凉冷漠，此刻愈发难觅人踪。只有空舟随波纵横。“春潮”与“雨”之间用“带”字，好像雨是随着潮水而来，把本不相属的两种事物紧紧连在了一起，而且用一“急”字写出了潮和雨的动态。结尾句。用“无人”一说明渡口的‘“野”。二句诗所描绘的情境，未免有些荒凉，但用一“自”字，却体现着悠闲和自得。韦应物为诗好用“自”字，“自”字皆可释为“自在”“自然”之意，含有“自我欣赏”、“自我怜爱”的意蕴。“野渡”句当作如是解。舍此，便与一二句相悖谬了。这两句以飞转流动之势，衬托闲淡宁静之景，可谓诗中有画，景中寓情。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

一般认为这首诗是公元781年（唐德宗建中二年）韦应物任滁州刺史时所作。作者非常喜爱西涧清幽的景色，一天游览至滁州西涧（在滁州城西郊野），写下了这首小诗。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊

滁州：在今安徽滁州以西。

西涧：在滁州城西，俗名称上马河。　

独怜：唯独喜欢。

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诗写暮春景物。“独怜幽草涧边生，上有黄鹂深树鸣”。是说：诗人独喜爱涧边生长的幽草，上有黄莺在树阴深处啼鸣。这是清丽的色彩与动听的音乐交织成的幽雅景致。暮春之际，群芳已过，诗人闲行至涧，但见一片青草萋萋。这里幽草，深树，透出境界的幽冷，虽然不及百花妩媚娇艳，但它们那青翠欲滴的身姿，那自甘寂寞、不... 古诗文网>>

这是一首山水诗的名篇，也是韦应物的代表作之一。诗写于唐德宗建中二年（781）诗人出任滁州刺史期间。唐滁州治所即今安徽滁县，西涧在滁州城西郊野。这诗写春游西涧赏景和晚雨野渡所见。诗人以情写景，借景述意，写自己喜爱与不喜爱的景物，说自己合意与不合意的情事，而其胸襟恬淡，情怀忧伤，便自然流露出来。但是诗中有无寄托，寄托何意，历来争论不休。有人认为它通首比兴，是刺“君子在下，小人在上”；有人认为“此偶赋西涧之景，不必有所托意”。实则各有偏颇。
诗的前二句，在春天繁荣景物中，诗人独爱自甘寂寞的涧边幽草，而对深树上鸣声诱人的黄莺儿却... 诗词名句网>>

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创作背景

作者：佚名

　　一般认为《滁州西涧》这首是唐德宗建中二年（781年）韦应物任滁州刺史时所作。他时常独步郊外，滁州西涧便是他常光顾的地方。作者喜爱西涧清幽的景... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

韦应物（737～792），中国唐代诗人。汉族，长安(今陕西西安)人。京兆万年人（今陕西西安）诗风淡雅，以山水田园诗闻名，与柳宗元并称韦柳。今传有10卷本《韦江州集》、两卷本《韦苏州诗集》、10卷本《韦苏州集》。散文仅存一篇。因出任过苏州刺史，世称“韦苏州”。诗风恬淡高远，以善于写景和描写隐逸生活著称。百科详情>>

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