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寒食雨二首

【作者】苏轼【朝代】宋

拼音

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zì

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wǒ

我

lái

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huáng

黄

zhōu

州

，

yǐ

已

guò

过

sān

三

hán

寒

shí

食

。

nián

年

nián

年

yù

欲

xī

惜

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chūn

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去

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jīn

今

nián

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月

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。

wò

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wén

闻

hǎi

海

táng

棠

huā

花

，

ní

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wū

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燕

zhī

脂

xuě

雪

。

àn

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中

tōu

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fù

负

qù

去

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yè

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zhēn

真

yǒu

有

lì

力

。

hé

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庖

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cài

菜

，

pò

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zào

灶

shāo

烧

shī

湿

wěi

苇

。

nà

那

zhī

知

shì

是

hán

寒

shí

食

，

dàn

但

jiàn

见

wū

乌

xián

衔

zhǐ

纸

。

jūn

君

mén

门

shēn

深

jiǔ

九

zhòng

重

，

fén

坟

mù

墓

zài

在

wàn

万

lǐ

里

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yě

也

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sǐ

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chuī

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bù

不

qǐ

起

。

自我来黄州，已过三寒食。
年年欲惜春，春去不容惜。
今年又苦雨，两月秋萧瑟。
卧闻海棠花，泥污燕脂雪。
暗中偷负去，夜半真有力。
何殊病少年，病起头已白。
春江欲入户，雨势来不已。
小屋如渔舟，濛濛水云里。
空庖煮寒菜，破灶烧湿苇。
那知是寒食，但见乌衔纸。
君门深九重，坟墓在万里。
也拟哭途穷，死灰吹不起。

标签:

情感节日写雨感叹寒食节景色岁月

译文注释

自从我来到黄州，已度过三个寒食时际。年年爱惜春光想将它挽留，春天自管自归去不容人惋惜。今年又苦于连连阴雨，绵延两个月气候萧瑟一如秋季。独卧在床听得雨打海棠，胭脂样花瓣像雪片凋落污泥。造物主把艳丽的海棠偷偷背去，夜半的雨真有神力。雨中海棠仿佛一位患病的少年，病愈时双鬓斑白已然老去。春江暴涨仿佛要冲进门户，雨势凶猛袭来似乎没有穷已。我的小屋宛如一叶渔舟，笼罩在濛濛水云里。空空的厨房煮着些寒菜，潮湿的芦苇燃在破灶底。哪还知道这一天竟然是寒食，却看见乌鸦衔来烧剩的纸币。天子的宫门有九重，深远难以归去，祖上的坟茔遥隔万里不能吊祭。我只想学阮籍作穷途痛哭，心头却似死灰并不想重新燃起。

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译文注释

① 旧历清明节的前一天，是寒食节。此元丰五年（一0八二）作。传世作者手书《寒食帖》诗题无“雨”字。
② 言两月来雨多春寒，萧瑟如秋。
③ 用《曲江对雨》：“林花著雨燕脂湿”句意。燕脂（胭脂）雪，形容海棠花红中透白。
④ 《庄子·大宗师》：“藏舟于壑，藏山于泽，谓之固矣。然夜半有力者负之而走，昧者不知也。”这里用以喻海棠花谢，象是有力者夜半暗中负去。
⑤ 何殊，无异于。
⑥ 是说见乌衔纸才知道今天是寒食节日。见，一本作感。
⑦ 王注引次公曰：“此二句含蓄，言欲归朝廷耶？则君有九重之深；欲返故乡耶？则坟墓有万里之远：皆以谪居而势不可也。”
⑧ 晋每走到一条路的尽头，就感慨的哭起来。这里隐言拟学阮籍途穷之哭。
⑨ 死灰，在字面上是指上面“乌衔纸”的纸钱灰，实隐用汉韩安国的话，《史记·韩长孺传》：“安国坐法抵罪，狱吏田甲辱安国，安国曰：‘死灰独不复燃乎？’田甲曰：‘燃则溺之！’”作者说“死灰吹不起”，也就是死灰不复燃，以免再被人“溺”。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

第一首借寒食前后阴雨连绵、萧瑟如秋的景象，写出他悼惜芳春、悼惜年华似水的心情。
人对海棠情有独钟，并多次在诗中借以自喻，其《寓居定惠院之东杂花满山有海棠一株土人不知贵也》一诗中说：“陋邦何处得此花，无乃好事移西蜀？”且对自己与花“天涯流落俱可念”的共同命运，发出深深叹息。这首诗后段对海棠花谢的叹惋，也正是诗人自身命运的写照。他对横遭苦雨摧折而凋落的海棠，以“何殊病少年，病起头已白”的绝妙比喻，正是对自己横遭政治迫害、身心受到极大伤害的命运的借喻。
假如说前一首诗表现贬谪之悲还较含蓄，第二首则是长歌当哭，宣泄了诗人... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

苏轼（1037年1月8日－1101年8月24日），字子瞻，号“东坡居士”，世称“苏东坡”。汉族，眉州人。北宋诗人、词人，宋代文学家，是豪放派词人的主要代表之一，“唐宋八大家”之一。在政治上属于旧党，但也有改革弊政的要求。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，其诗题材广泛，内容丰富，现存诗3900余首。代表作品有《水调歌头·中秋》、《赤壁赋》、《江城子·乙卯正月二十日夜记梦》、《记承天寺夜游》等。百科详情>>

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