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临江仙·暮春

【作者】赵长卿【朝代】宋

拼音

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过尽征鸿来尽燕，故园消息茫然。一春憔悴有谁怜。怀家寒食夜，中酒落花天。
见说江头春浪渺，殷勤欲送归船。别来此处最索牵。短篷南浦雨，疏柳断桥烟。

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思乡写鸟羁旅宋词三百首场景动植物

译文注释

作者客居他乡，看尽鸿雁的北往和燕子的南来，而故乡的消息茫然，不禁惆怅满怀。整个春天都在惦念家乡，人已憔悴有谁怜？于是只好在这落花时节的寒食夜以酒浇愁。
听说江头春波浩渺，春水情意恳切地像是要送他的归船返回家乡，这条曾送他离乡又送他归去的水路，是他最为之情牵梦萦的。最后，他设想登上归船，听着春雨打着船篷，看着将别的断桥边上的疏柳淡烟，充满别离之情。

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译文注释

⑴征鸿：即征雁。南朝梁江淹《赤亭渚》：“远心何所类，云边有征鸿。” 宋陈亮《好事近》词：“懒向碧云深处，问征鸿消息。”
⑵故园：旧家园；故乡。唐骆宾王《晚憩田家》诗：“唯有寒潭菊，独似故园花。”
⑶茫然：模糊不清的样子；无所知的样子。《庄子·盗蹠》：“目芒然无见。”
⑷寒食：节名，在清明前一日或二日。相传春秋时晋文公负其功臣介之推。介愤而隐于绵山。文公悔悟，烧山逼令出仕，之推抱树焚死。人民同情介之推的遭遇，相约于其忌日禁火冷食，以为悼念。以后相沿成俗，谓之寒食。
⑸中（zhòng）酒：醉酒。晋张华《博物志》卷九：“人中酒不解，治之以汤，自渍即愈。”
⑹见说：告知，说明。晋张华《博物志》卷三：“牵牛人乃惊问曰：‘何由至此？’此人见说来意，并问此是何处。”也有听说的意思。唐李白《送友人入蜀》诗：“见说蚕丛路，崎岖不易行。”
⑺殷勤：热情。
⑻萦牵：牵挂。南朝宋鲍照《和王丞》：“明涧予沿越，飞萝子萦牵。” 唐黄滔《壶公山》诗：“清吟思却隐，簪绂奈萦牵。”
⑼短篷：指小船。元萨都剌《次韵与德明小友》之一：“烟雨短篷水口，人家乱石山前。”
⑽南浦：虚指，暗用江淹《别赋》“送君南浦，伤如之何”。
⑾断桥：实指，地处杭州西湖东北角，与白堤相连。自唐以来已有此名。或言本名宝祐桥，又名段家桥，今罕有称者。唐张祜《杭州孤山寺》诗：“ 断桥荒藓涩，空院落华深。”

来源：古诗文网

赏析

上阕写念家。”过尽征鸿来尽燕，故园消息茫然。“两句把词人郁结在胸中的思乡之情，瞬间倾吐而出。“过尽征鸿来尽燕“用比兴手法，以征鸿比喻飘泊异乡的旅客，以归燕兴起思家的情感。在南宋词人心目中，鸿雁不仅是传统的捎信使者，更代表了战乱年头的流亡者。然而鸿雁秋去春来，离乡后犹能回到塞北；而这些南来的词人却永远远离故土。因而他们看到北归的鸿雁，总有自叹不如的感觉。
”故园消息茫然“作一顿挫，稍稍收束起句的迅发之势。词人把”望征鸣，看归燕“的过程略去，仅是截生活中的一个横断面，加以尽情抒写。这里两个“尽”字用得极好，不仅表现了生活中这... 古诗文网>>

赵长卿是宋朝宗室，有词集《惜香乐府》，按春、夏、秋、冬四季，编为六卷，体例如同《草堂诗余》，为词家所稀有。这首词被编在“春景”一项内，近人俞陛云称它是“《惜香集》中和雅之音 ”（《宋词选释》），细审其声情，颇觉所言非虚。
词中写的是乡思。“靖康”之变后，北宋亡于金人，宗室纷纷南迁，定居临安（今浙江杭州）一带。
有的人苟安一隅，整天歌舞升平，醉生梦死。然而也有一些人不忘故国，时时通过他们的诗词抒发怀念故国的感情，表达收复失地的愿望。这首词很可能是在这样的有景下写成的。上阕写念家，起首二句用的是比兴手法，以征... 诗词名句网>>

作者介绍

赵长卿，号仙源居士。江西南丰人。宋代著名词人。宋宗室，居南丰。生平事迹不详，曾赴漕试，约宋宁宗嘉定末前后在世。从作品中可知他少时孤洁，厌恶王族豪奢的生活，后辞帝京，纵游山水，居于江南，遁世隐居，过着清贫的生活。他同情百姓，友善乡邻，常作词呈乡人。晚年孤寂消沉。《四库提要》云：“长卿恬于仕进，觞咏自娱，随意成吟，多得淡远萧疏之致。” 百科详情>>

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