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【作者】佚名【朝代】先秦

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嗟嗟烈祖！有秩斯祜。申锡无疆，及尔斯所。既载清酤，赉我思成。亦有和羹，既戒既平。鬷假无言，时靡有争。绥我眉寿，黄耇无疆。约軧错衡，八鸾鸧鸧。以假以享，我受命溥将。
自天降康，丰年穰穰。来假来飨，降福无疆。顾予烝尝，汤孙之将。

标签:

祭祀目的颂歌诗经

译文注释

赞叹伟大我先祖，大吉大利有洪福。
永无休止赏赐厚，至今恩泽仍丰足。
祭祖清酒杯中注，佑我事业得成功。
再把肉羹调制好，五味平和最适中。
众人祷告不出声，没有争执很庄重。
赐我平安得长寿，长寿无终保安康。
车衡车轴金革镶，銮铃八个鸣铿锵。
来到宗庙祭祖上，我受天命自浩荡。
平安康宁从天降，丰收之年满囤粮。
先祖之灵请尚飨，赐我大福绵绵长。
秋冬两祭都登场，成汤子孙永祭享。

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译文注释

⑴烈祖：功业显赫的祖先,此指商朝开国的君王成汤。
⑵有秩斯祜：马瑞辰《毛传笺通释》云：“有秩即形容福之大貌。”祜,福。
⑶申：再三。锡：同“赐”。段玉裁《说文解字注》：“经典多假锡为赐字。凡言锡予者,即赐之假借也。”
⑷及尔斯所：陈奂《诗毛氏传疏》云：“及尔斯所,犹云‘以迄于今’也。”
⑸清酤：清酒。
⑹赉（lài）：赐予。思：语助词。
⑺戒：齐备。
⑻鬷（zōng）假：集合大众祈祷。
⑼绥：安抚。眉寿：高寿。
⑽黄耇（gǒu）：义同“眉寿”。朱熹《诗集传》云：“黄,老人发白复黄也。耇,老人面涷梨色。”
⑾约軝（qí）错衡：用皮革缠绕车毂两端并涂上红色,车辕前端的横木用金涂装饰。错,金涂。
⑿鸾：通“銮”,一种饰于马车上的铃。鸧（qiāng）鸧：同“锵锵”,象声词。
⒀假（gé）：同“格”,至也。享：祭。
⒁溥（pǔ）：大。将：王引之《经义述闻》释为“长”。
⒂顾：光顾,光临。指先祖之灵光临。烝尝：冬祭叫“烝”。秋祭叫“尝”。
⒃汤孙：指商汤王的后代子孙。将：奉祀。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

现存《商颂》五首，包括这首《烈祖》的创作时间，有人认为它是商朝的作品，有人则认为是微子启受周之封立国于宋（今河南商丘）的作品（汉代微子启又避讳写作微子开，是殷纣王的庶兄）。这些诗应是初作于殷朝，后在流传于宋国的长时间中很可能又作了加工润色。
《毛诗序》云：“《烈祖》，祀中宗也。”经历代学者研究，比较一致的看法认为是“祀成汤”之诗。
清人姚际恒《诗经通论》的评论是“《小序》谓‘祀中宗’，本无据，第取别于上篇，又以下篇而及之耳。然此与上篇末皆云‘汤孙之将’，疑同为祀成汤，故《集传》云然。然一祭两诗，何所分别？辅氏广曰... 古诗文网>>

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