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蝶恋花·密州上元

【作者】苏轼【朝代】宋

拼音

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灯火钱塘三五夜。明月如霜，照见人如画。帐底吹笙香吐麝。此般风味应无价。
寂寞山城人老也。击鼓吹箫，乍入农桑社。火冷灯稀霜露下。昏昏雪意云垂野。

标签:

元宵节忧国忧民节日

译文注释

杭州城的元宵夜，凉月好似霜，照得人好似一幅画。而底吹笙，燃香的香气好似麝香，更无一点尘土随着马而去。寂寞的密州城里人们都老了，人们沿街击鼓吹箫而行，最后却转到农桑社祭祀土地神。灯火清冷稀少霜露降下，阴黄昏沉的乌云笼罩着大地，要下雪了。

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译文注释

⑴上元：即正月十五日元宵节，也叫上元节，因有观灯之风俗，亦称“灯节”。
⑵钱塘：此处代指杭州城。三五夜：即每月十五日夜，此处指元宵节。
⑶“照见”句：形容杭州城元宵节的繁华、热闹景象。
⑷帐：此处指富贵人家元宵节时在堂前悬挂的帏帐。香吐麝：意谓富贵人家的帐底吹出一阵阵的麝香气。麝：即麝香，名贵的香料。
⑸“更无”句：说的是江南气清土润，行马无尘。唐人《上元》：“暗尘随马去，明月逐人来。”
⑹山城：此处指密州。
⑺“击鼓”句：形容密州的元宵节远没有杭州的元宵节热闹，只有在农家社稷时才有鼓箫乐曲。社：农村节日祭祀活动。《周礼》：“凡国祈年于田租，吹《豳雅》，击土鼓，以乐田畯（农神）。” 《凉州郊外游望》：“婆娑依里社，箫鼓赛田神。”
⑻“昏昏”句：意谓密州的元宵节十分清冷，不仅没有笙箫，连灯火也没有，只有云垂旷野，意浓浓。垂，靠近。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

这首词题记为“密州上元 ”，词却从钱塘的上元夜写起。钱塘也就是杭州，苏轼曾在那里过了三个元宵节。元宵的特点，就是“ 灯火”。东坡用一句“灯火钱塘三五夜 ”，点出灯夕的盛况。“明月如霜”，写月光之白。李白曾有诗云，“床前明月光，疑是地上霜 ”。但元宵夜月正圆，灯月交辉，引来满城男女游赏，元宵节是宋代一个很重要的节日。这一天街人游人如织，男子歌啸而行，好盛装而出。难怪东坡要写月光“照见人如画”了。这还是街市的游人。至于富贵人家庆赏元宵，又另有一种排场。作者一句“帐底吹笙香吐麝”写尽杭州城官宦人家过节的繁奢情景。
“更无一点... 诗词名句网>>

作者介绍

苏轼（1037年1月8日－1101年8月24日），字子瞻，号“东坡居士”，世称“苏东坡”。汉族，眉州人。北宋诗人、词人，宋代文学家，是豪放派词人的主要代表之一，“唐宋八大家”之一。在政治上属于旧党，但也有改革弊政的要求。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，其诗题材广泛，内容丰富，现存诗3900余首。代表作品有《水调歌头·中秋》、《赤壁赋》、《江城子·乙卯正月二十日夜记梦》、《记承天寺夜游》等。百科详情>>

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