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古大梁行

【作者】高适【朝代】唐

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古城莽苍饶荆榛，驱马荒城愁杀人，魏王宫观尽禾黍，信陵宾客随灰尘。
忆昨雄都旧朝市，轩车照耀歌钟起，军容带甲三十万，国步连营一千里。
全盛须臾哪可论，高台曲池无复存，遗墟但见狐狸迹，古地空余草木根。
暮天摇落伤怀抱，抚剑悲歌对秋草，侠客犹传朱亥名，行人尚识夷门道。
白璧黄金万户侯，宝刀骏马填山丘，年代凄凉不可问，往来唯见水东流。

标签:

咏史怀古

译文注释

古城长满了荆棘杂草，笼罩在一片苍茫的气象之中。我骑马来到这古城前，目睹荒芜的景象，不由愁思满怀，难以自已。魏王的宫室、庙观都长满了禾黍，信陵君和他的宾客们都随着灰尘一去了无痕迹。想当年在雄伟的都城的朝市上，华贵的车骑华光四射，高雅的乐声悠扬此起彼伏。精锐的军队，规模达三十万之多，国土上营寨连绵，相接千里之遥。全盛的那段时光对于永恒的历史来说不过的短暂的一瞬，哪里可以言说，连当年那些楼台、湖池都早已不复存在了。断壁残垣间只有狐狸跑过的痕迹，古旧的土地上只留下几许昔日草木的枯根。天色已晚，草木凋零，目睹此情此景，不由手把长剑，悲极而歌。侠客朱亥的威名至今为人所传颂，路过的行人都还能认出经过夷门的道路。那些身佩白璧腰缠黄金食封万户的侯爵，以及手持宝刀跨着骏马的战将，早已埋葬在了山丘之中。当年发生在古大梁城里的凄凉旧事已随着时间流逝渐渐湮没无闻了，谁还能深究个中缘由呢？往来其中的人们也只能看见那流水从容东流而去，也许它就是那段历史的见证。

︾查看更多︽收起更多

译文注释

⑴大梁：今河南开封。
⑵莽苍：一作“苍茫”。饶：多。荆榛：泛指丛生的荆棘杂草。
⑶魏王宫观：古大梁在战国时是魏国都城。观：一作“馆”，一作“殿”。禾黍：语见《经·国风·王风·黍离》。
⑷信陵：战国时魏国公子无忌，封号信陵君。
⑸朝市：朝廷街市。
⑹轩车：有帷幕且前顶较高的车。歌钟：富贵人家的音乐歌舞。
⑺军容：军队的规模装备。
⑻国步：指国土面积。营：一作“衡”。一：一作“五”。
⑼论：言说。
⑽高台曲池泛指楼台湖池。
⑾遗墟：荒废的城市建筑。迹：一作“窟”。
⑿摇落：凋零。
⒀朱亥：据《史记·魏公子列传》载，朱亥本为屠夫，后为信陵君击杀晋鄙，夺兵抗秦救赵，是战国时著名的侠士。
⒁夷门：魏大梁城东门。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

全诗二十句，四句一转韵，分为五个自然段落。全诗的重点是在写当时古都的荒凉，因此第一段就着力描写了作者驱马荒城所见的景象：在缓辔徐行中，只见满城一片荆棘，莽莽苍苍，昔日巍峨壮丽的魏王宫观如今长满了禾黍，曾经威震诸侯的信陵君和他的三千食客，也已烟消云散，化作满地灰尘。这一段起得苍劲有力，它以形象的笔墨勾勒出了一幅生动的荒城图，首先给读者以满目凄凉的强烈印象，起了笼罩全篇、奠定基调的作用。这一段虽然是描绘驱马所见，是在说“今”，但其中的“魏王宫观”“信陵宾客”已暗中寓“昔”，在今昔对比中，眼前的所见更为突出。第二段是对往昔的追忆，与第... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

高适（700-765），渤海蓨（今河北衡水市景县）人，是我国唐代著名的边塞诗人，世称高常侍，作品收录于《高常侍集》。高适与岑参并称“高岑”，其诗作笔力雄健，气势奔放，洋溢着盛唐时期所特有的奋发进取、蓬勃向上的时代精神。百科详情>>

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