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【作者】佚名【朝代】先秦

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思齐大任，文王之母，思媚周姜，京室之妇。大姒嗣徽音，则百斯男。
惠于宗公，神罔时怨，神罔时恫。刑于寡妻，至于兄弟，以御于家邦。
雍雍在宫，肃肃在庙。不显亦临，无射亦保。
肆戎疾不殄，烈假不瑕。不闻亦式，不谏亦入。肆成人有德，小子有造。古之人无斁，誉髦斯士。

标签:

情感女子赞美诗经

译文注释

雍容端庄是太任，周文王的好母亲。贤淑美好是太姜，王室之妇居周京。太姒美誉能继承，多生男儿家门兴。
　　文王孝敬顺祖宗，祖宗神灵无所怨，祖宗神灵无所痛。示范嫡妻作典型，示范兄弟也相同，治理家国都亨通。
　　在家庭中真和睦，在宗庙里真恭敬。暗处亦有神监临，修身不倦保安宁。
　　如今西戎不为患，病魔亦不害人民。未闻之事亦合度，虽无谏者亦兼听。
　　如今成人有德行，后生小子有造就。文王育人勤不倦，士子载誉皆俊秀。

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译文注释

（1）思：发语词，无义。齐（zhāi）：通“斋”，端庄貌。大任：即太任，王季之妻，文王之母。
（2）媚：美好。周姜：即太姜。古公亶父之妻，王季之母，文王之祖母。
（3）京室：王室。
（4）大姒：即太姒，文王之妻。嗣：继承，继续。徽音：美誉。
（5）百斯男：众多男儿。百，虚指，泛言其多。斯，语助词，无义。
（6）惠：孝敬。宗公：宗庙里的先公，即祖先。
（7）神：此处指祖先之神。罔：无。时：所。
（8）恫（tōnɡ）：哀痛。
（9）刑：同“型”，典型，典范。寡妻：嫡妻。
（10）御：治理。
（11）雝（yōnɡ）雝：和洽貌。宫：家。
（12）肃肃：恭敬貌。庙：宗庙。
（13）不显：不明，幽隐之处。临：临视。
（14）无射（yì）：即“无斁”，不厌倦。“射”为古“斁”字。保：保持。
（15）肆：所以。戎疾：西戎之患。殄：残害，灭绝。
（16）烈假：指害人的疾病。瑕，与“殄”义同。
（17）式：适合。
（18）入：接受，采纳。
（19）小子：儿童。造：造就，培育。
（20）古之人：指文王。无斁（yì）：无厌，无倦。
（21）誉：美名，声誉。髦：俊，优秀。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

《思齐》全二十四句，毛传将其分为五章，前两章每章六句，后三章每章四句。郑玄作笺，将其改为四章，每章均为六句。相比较而言，毛传的划分更为合理，故后代大多从之。
首章六句，赞美了三位女性，即“周室三母”：文王祖母周姜（太姜）、文王生母大任（太任）和文王妻子大姒（太姒）。但其叙述顺序却并非按世系进行，而是先母亲，再祖母，后妻子。孙鑛对此分析道：“本重在太姒，却从太任发端，又逆推上及太姜，然后以‘嗣徽音’实之，极有波折。若顺下，便味短。”（陈子展《诗经直解》引）说此章“重在太姒”似可商榷，但言其“极有波折”尚可一听。马瑞辰对此亦... 古诗文网>>

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