己亥杂诗（其五）

【作者】龚自珍【朝代】清

译文

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浩荡离愁白日斜，吟鞭东指即天涯。

浩浩荡荡的离别愁绪向着日落西斜的远处延伸，离开北京，马鞭向东一挥，感觉就是人在天涯一般。

落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花。

我辞官归乡，犹如从枝头上掉下来的落花，但它却不是无情之物，化成了春天的泥土，还能起着培育下一代的作用。

浩荡离愁白日斜，吟鞭东指即天涯。
落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花。

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爱国古诗三百首情感叙事抱负抒情初中古诗

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

浩浩荡荡的离别愁绪向着日落西斜的远处延伸，离开北京，马鞭向东一挥，感觉就是人在天涯一般。我辞官归乡，犹如从枝头上掉下来的落花，但它却不是无情之物，化成了春天的泥土，还能起着培育下一代的作用。

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译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

1.选自《龚自珍全集》浩荡离愁：离别京都的愁思浩如水波，也指作者心潮不平。 2.浩荡：无限。 3.吟鞭：人的马鞭。 4.东指：东方故里。 5.天涯：指离京都遥远。 6.落红：落花。花朵以红色者为尊贵，因此落花又称为落红。 7.花：比喻国家。 8.即：到。

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

《己亥杂诗·浩荡离愁白日斜》是清代诗人龚自珍写的组诗《己亥杂诗》中的第五首，写诗人离京的感受。全诗分前后两部分，前两句为第一部分，后两句为第二部分。在第一部分里，诗人以天涯、日暮、落花写出一片浩荡的离愁，以落花自况，赋予自己的身世之感:第二部分以落花为过渡，从落花--春泥展开联想，把自己变革现实的热情和不甘寂寞消沉的意志移情落花，然后代落花立言，向春天宣誓，倾吐了深曲的旨意。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

这诗作于1839年（农历己亥），是诗人的代表作品。是年，诗人辞官南归故里，后又北取眷属，就在往返途中创作了这一部堪称绝唱的大型七绝组诗。这组诗忆述见闻、回忆往事、抒发感慨，艺术地再现与反映了自己生平、思想、交游、宦迹、著述的丰富阅历，标志着诗人认识社会和批判现实的能力，在晚年已臻新的境界。时值鸦片战争爆发的前夜，诗中颇有感时忧国的力作。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊

这首诗则表现诗人辞官的决心，报效国家的信念与使命，以及献身改革理想的崇高精神

语气乐观，形象生动，极富艺术魅力

在第一部分里，诗人以天涯、日暮、落花写出一片浩荡的离愁，以落花自况，赋予自己的身世之感

第二部分以落花为过渡，从落花--春泥展开联想，把自己变革现实的热情和不甘寂寞消沉的意志移情落花

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这首诗是《己亥杂诗》的第五首，写诗人离京的感受。虽然载着“浩荡离愁”，却表示仍然要为国为民尽自己最后一份心力。诗的前两句抒情叙事，在无限感慨中表现出豪放洒脱的气概。一方面，离别是忧伤的，毕竟自己寓居京城多年，故友如云，往事如烟；另一方面，离别是轻松愉快的，毕竟自己逃出了令人桎梏的樊笼，可以回到外面的世界里另有一番作为。这样，离别的愁绪就和回归的喜悦交织在一起，既有“浩荡离愁”，又有“吟鞭东指”；既有白日西斜，又有广阔天涯。这两个画面相反相成，互为映衬，是诗人当日心境的真实写照。诗的后两句以落花为喻，表明自己的心志，在形象的比喻... 古诗文网>>

清道光十年(1839)春末，龚自珍因事辞去礼部主事之职，于农历四月二十三日动身南归。诗人客居京城达二十年之久，北京已成了他的第二故乡。今日一旦离去，已届四十八岁的晚年了。“先生官京师，冷署闲曹，俸入本薄，性既豪迈，嗜奇好客，境遂大困，又才高触动时忌。”其辞官离京时的万端枨触，可以想见。首句“浩荡离愁白日斜”，以“浩荡”二字，极为凝练地写出离愁的深广。“白日斜”三字一笔勾勒景物，以夕阳西沉、暮色苍茫的气氛，强化了诗人离京时的眷恋、怅惘、失落、孤独的种种情怀。诗人南下，本是回到故乡，然而他却感慨道：“吟鞭东指即天涯”。离京标志着龚... 诗词名句网>>

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创作背景

作者：佚名

　　这组作于清道光十九年己亥（1839年）。这年龚自珍辞官，由北京南返杭州，后又北上接取家属，在南北往返的途中，他看着祖国的大好河山，目睹生活在... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

龚自珍（1792年8月22日～1841年9月26日）近代思想家、文学家及改良主义的先驱者。27岁中举人，38岁中进士。曾任内阁中书、宗人府主事和礼部主事等官职。主张革除弊政，抵制外国侵略，曾全力支持林则徐禁除鸦片。48岁辞官南归，次年暴卒于江苏丹阳云阳书院。他的诗文主张“更法”、“改图”，揭露清统治者的腐朽，洋溢着爱国热情，被柳亚子誉为“三百年来第一流”。著有《定庵文集》，留存文章300余篇，诗词近800首，今人辑为《龚自珍全集》。著名诗作《己亥杂诗》共315首。百科详情>>

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