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四块玉·马嵬坡

【作者】马致远【朝代】元

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睡海棠，春将晚。
恨不得明皇掌中看。
霓裳便是中原乱。
不因这玉环，引起那禄山，怎知蜀道难！

译文注释

杨贵妃酣睡初醒的神情仿佛是晚春的海棠花一般，唐明皇恨不得放在自己的手心里观赏把玩。那只《霓裳羽衣舞曲》便是中原最大的祸患，不是因为这个杨玉环，引起那位野心家安禄山的垂涎，怎么会发生那么大的动乱？唐明皇也就不会知道蜀道有多么难。

︾查看更多︽收起更多

译文注释

睡海棠：比喻杨贵妃。明皇：指唐玄宗。霓裳：即《霓裳羽衣曲》，相传杨贵妃善舞此曲。玉环：杨贵妃字玉环。禄山：即安禄山。蜀道难：指安禄山攻入潼关，唐玄宗仓皇逃往四川之事。

来源：

赏析

马嵬坡又名马嵬驿，在今陕西省兴平县西北。唐玄宗宠爱杨贵妃，荒淫误国，酿成安史之乱。安史叛军攻破潼关，唐明皇仓皇向四川逃难，路过马嵬驿时，扈从的禁卫军哗变，求诛杨氏以谢天下。玄宗为了稳定军心，被迫缢死杨贵妃。这首小令以曲写史，意在总结历史的经验和教训。此曲前半叙事，后半议论，借唐玄宗与宠妃杨玉环终日游戏作乐，发出了兴亡之叹。全曲造词清新、畅达自然，后世流传甚广。有人认为作品对杨玉环的责备重于玄宗，表明作者由于历史观的局限，仍有女人祸水的消极思想。其实这是此类话题的传统论见，作者不可能不知道祸首是谁，恨不得一句已经透尽个中消息，只是... >>

作者介绍

马致远，字千里，号东篱（一说字致远，晚号“东篱”），汉族，大都（今北京）人，另一说（马致远是河北省东光县马祠堂村人，号东篱，以示效陶渊明之志）!他的年辈晚于关汉卿、白朴等人，生年当在至元（始于1264）之前，卒年当在至治改元到泰定元年（1321—1324）之间，与关汉卿、郑光祖、白朴并称“元曲四大家”，是我国元代时著名大戏剧家、散曲家。百科详情>>

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