从军行七首·其四

【作者】王昌龄【朝代】唐

译文

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青海长云暗雪山，孤城遥望玉门关。

青海湖上乌云密布，连绵雪山一片黯淡。边塞古城，玉门雄关，远隔千里，遥遥相望。

黄沙百战穿金甲，不破楼兰终不还。

守边将士，身经百战，铠甲磨穿，壮志不灭，不打败进犯之敌，誓不返回家乡。

青海长云暗雪山，孤城遥望玉门关。
黄沙百战穿金甲，不破楼兰终不还。

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情感高中古诗场景战争壮志边塞楼兰地名

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

青海湖上乌云密布，连绵雪山一片黯淡。边塞古城，玉门雄关，远隔千里，遥遥相望。守边将士，身经百战，铠甲磨穿，壮志不灭，不打败进犯之敌，誓不返回家乡。

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译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

⑴从军行：乐府旧题，属相和歌辞平调曲，多是反映军旅辛苦生活的。 ⑵青海：指青海湖，在今青海省。唐朝大将哥舒翰筑城于此，置神威军戍守。⑶长云：层层浓云。 ⑷雪山：即祁连山，山巅终年积雪，故云。 ⑸孤城：即玉门关。玉门关：汉置边关名，在今甘肃敦煌西。一作“雁门关”。 ⑹破：一作“斩”。楼兰：汉时西域国名，即鄯善国，在今新疆维吾尔自治区鄯善县东南一带。西汉时楼兰国王与匈奴勾通，屡次杀害汉朝通西域的使臣。此处泛指唐西北地区常常侵扰边境的少数民族政权。 ⑺终不还：一作“竟不还”。

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

《从军行》是唐代诗人王昌龄的组诗作品。这首诗通过对塞外辽阔的战场景象和激烈征战生活的描写，抒发了誓死报国的壮烈情怀。前两句以“青海”“长云”“雪山”“玉门关”等塞外相距遥远的地名和壮阔意象，勾画出气势恢宏的边塞场景。其中再以“暗”“孤城”“遥望”等词语，点出苍茫荒寒的塞外地理特征，使人不难体会到一股悲慨之气已扑面而来。第三句以“黄沙百战穿金甲”写征战，语言极为精练、刚健。大漠风沙的恶劣环境，身经“百战”的惨烈经历，“金甲”磨穿的艰苦卓绝，不仅未使主人公斗志颓丧，而是历练得更为坚强，斗志更加高昂，故第四句以“不破楼兰终不还”的豪迈誓言作结，就显得水到渠成，满篇生辉。此诗以战场的苦寒、征战的艰险反衬豪壮的英雄本色，对比鲜明，形象生动；以塞外博大壮阔之景驱昂扬豪迈之情，珠联壁合，情景照人，表现了战士们为保卫祖国矢志不渝的崇高精神。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

盛唐时期，国力强盛，君主锐意进取、卫边拓土，人们渴望在这个时代崭露头角、有所作为。武将把一腔热血洒向沙场建功立业，王昌龄则为伟大的时代精神所感染，用他沉雄悲壮的豪情谱写了一曲曲雄浑磅礴、瑰丽壮美的诗篇。《从军行》就是王昌龄采用乐府古题写的此类边塞诗。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊

这首诗的体裁为七言绝句，属于边塞诗。

王昌龄，唐代诗人，与李白、高适、王维、王之涣、岑参等人交往深厚。其诗以七绝见长，尤以边塞诗最为著名，有“诗家天子”、“七绝圣手”之称。

“孤城”“百战”“穿金甲”表现了边塞生活的凄凉，表达了戍边战士的艰苦

楼兰是汉时西域国名，即鄯善国，在今新疆维吾尔自治区鄯善县东南一带。西汉时楼兰国王与匈奴勾通，屡次杀害汉朝通西域的使臣。此处泛指唐西北地区常常侵扰边境的少数民族政权。

赏析

唐代边塞的读者，往往因为诗中所涉及的地名古今杂举、空间悬隔而感到困惑。怀疑作者不谙地理，因而不求甚解者有之，曲为之解者亦有之。这第四首诗就有这种情形。前两句提到三个地名。雪山即河西走廊南面横亘廷伸的祁连山脉。青海与玉门关东西相距数千里，却同在一幅画面上出现，于是对这两句就有种种不同的解说。有的说，上句是向前极目，下句是回望故乡。这很奇怪。青海、雪山在前，玉门关在后，则抒情主人公回望的故乡该是玉门关西的西域，那不是汉兵，倒成胡兵了。另一说，次句即“孤城玉门关遥望”之倒文，而遥望的对象则是“青海长云暗雪山”，这里存在两种误解：一是... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

王昌龄 (698— 757），字少伯，河东晋阳（今山西太原）人。盛唐著名边塞诗人，后人誉为“七绝圣手”。早年贫贱，困于农耕，年近不惑，始中进士。初任秘书省校书郎，又中博学宏辞，授汜水尉，因事贬岭南。与李白、高适、王维、王之涣、岑参等交厚。开元末返长安，改授江宁丞。被谤谪龙标尉。安史乱起，为刺史闾丘晓所杀。其诗以七绝见长，尤以登第之前赴西北边塞所作边塞诗最著，有“诗家夫子王江宁”之誉。百科详情>>

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