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【作者】郑思肖【朝代】宋

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译文

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你在秋天盛开，从不与百花为丛。独立在稀疏的篱笆旁边，你的情操意趣并未衰穷。宁可在枝头上怀抱着清香而死，绝不会吹落于凛冽北风之中！

花开不并百花丛，独立疏篱趣未穷。

你在秋天盛开，从不与百花为丛。独立在稀疏的篱笆旁边，你的情操意趣并未衰穷。

宁可枝头抱香死，何曾吹落北风中。

宁可在枝头上怀抱着清香而死，绝不会吹落于凛冽北风之中！

花开不并百花丛，独立疏篱趣未穷。
宁可枝头抱香死，何曾吹落北风中。

标签:

古诗三百首写人季节人物言志目的动植物写花菊花秋天数字

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

你在秋天盛开，从不与百花为丛。独立在稀疏的篱笆旁边，你的情操意趣并未衰穷。宁可在枝头上怀抱着清香而死，绝不会吹落于凛冽北风之中！

︾查看更多︽收起更多

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

1、不并：不合、不靠在一起。并，一起。
2、疏篱：稀疏的篱笆。
3、未穷：未尽，无穷无尽。
4、抱香死：菊花凋谢后不落，仍系枝头而枯萎，所以说抱香死。
5、何曾：哪曾、不曾。
6、北风：寒风，此处语意双关，亦指元朝的残暴势力。

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

诗从晚香着笔：百花在春光明媚的时节盛开，独有菊花挺立在凌厉的风霜之中，不与百花争妍斗艳。郑接着，诗人又写百花已经凋零，只有菊花立于疏篱旁，意趣无穷。这里的“趣”，既指菊花的傲风拒霜、独放光华的自然之趣，也是画家融入菊花形象中的高洁坚贞、真淳自得的主观之趣。后两句诗意深转一层。菊花盛开后，在枝头逐渐枯萎，花瓣并不凋谢落地，故云“枝头抱香死”。北风在南宋文学家的笔下象喻来自北方的贵族统治集团的侵扰。诗句用隐喻手法，是说宁可为坚持气节而死去，不愿屈服于蒙元统治集团，表现了“宁为玉碎，不为瓦全”的凛然正气，真诚地剖白了诗人自己的至死不渝的崇高民族气节。这首诗题咏的对象是画上的菊，诗歌的重点是托物言志，不在于发挥画理，因此具有咏物诗的特征。全诗写菊花之形貌，得菊花之神理，又能超乎其上，在充分表现菊花自然属性的同时，摅写了郑思肖的爱国情操，既表现出菊花的自然美，菊画的绘画美，又表现了画家兼诗人的人格美，使菊花形象的自然性与社会性得到和谐的统一，这首题画诗也便有了崇高的审美体验和深睿的哲理含蕴，使读者从中获得美感愉悦和生活启迪。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

郑思肖是南宋末年的爱国诗人，南宋灭亡以后，作者隐居在苏州一个和尚庙里，终身不出来做官，连坐着、躺着都朝着南方，表示不忘宋朝，这首诗就是在南宋灭亡以后写的。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊

这首诗属于咏物诗，以寒菊象征忠于故国决不向新朝俯首的凛然气节。

诗人用寒菊的秉性来体现自己忠于宋朝、矢志不渝的高尚情操。

赏析

郑思的这首画菊，与一般赞颂菊花不俗不艳不媚不屈的诗歌不同，托物言志，深深隐含了诗人的人生遭际和理想追求，是一首有特定生活内涵的菊花诗。
郑思肖，南宋末为太学上舍，曾应试博学宏词科。元兵南下，郑思肖忧国忧民，上疏直谏，痛陈抗敌之策，被拒不纳。郑思肖痛心疾首，孤身隐居苏州，终身未娶。宋亡后，他改字忆翁，号所南，以示不忘故国。他还将自己的居室题为“本穴世界”，拆字组合，将“本”字之“十”置于“穴”中，隐寓“大宋”二字。他善画墨兰，宋亡后画兰都不画土，人问其故，答曰：“地为人夺去，汝犹不知耶？”郑思肖自励节操，忧愤坚贞，令人泪下... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

郑思肖（1241～1318）宋末诗人、画家，连江（今属福建）人。原名不详，宋亡后改名思肖，因肖是宋朝国姓赵的组成部分。字忆翁，表示不忘故国；号所南，日常坐卧，要向南背北。亦自称菊山后人、景定诗人、三外野人、三外老夫等。曾以太学上舍生应博学鸿词试。元军南侵时，曾向朝廷献抵御之策，未被采纳。后客居吴下，寄食报国寺。郑思肖擅长作墨兰，花叶萧疏而不画根土，意寓宋土地已被掠夺。有诗集《心史》、《郑所南先生文集》、《所南翁一百二十图诗集》等。百科详情>>

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