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登金陵冶城西北谢安墩

【作者】李白【朝代】唐

拼音

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胡马风汉草，天骄蹙中原。
哲匠感颓运，云鹏忽飞翻。
组练照楚国，旌旗连海门。
西秦百万众，戈甲如云屯。
投鞭可填江，一扫不足论。
皇运有返正，丑虏无遗魂。
谈笑遏横流，苍生望斯存。
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凭览周地险，高标绝人喧。
想像东山姿，缅怀右军言。
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白鹭映春洲，青龙见朝暾。
地古云物在，台倾禾黍繁。
我来酌清波，于此树名园。
功成拂衣去，归入武陵源。

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理想景点场景游记景色登高

译文注释

昔日西晋王朝的政权崩溃时，中原一代的人民纷纷向南边逃亡。当时的局势多么纷乱，乘机崛起的军阀割据势力日日夜夜争斗不休。胡人的马儿在汉地上奔驰，苻坚率领着前秦的军队威胁着中原。贤明而有才能的大臣谢安察觉到了国家即将衰败的命运，为了挽救危局，抵御侵扰，他迅速地东山再起。晋军衣甲鲜明，军容雄壮，气势不凡；沿江陈兵，直到海隅，场面颇为壮观。前秦的军队声势浩大，披甲执戈的军士像天上的积云一样聚集。苻坚骄傲狂妄，不可一世，他自认兵强马多，光是把马鞭投进长江，就足以截断江流。然而东晋王朝的局势开始好转，苻坚的军队吓得魂飞魄散。谢安于谈笑间打败了前秦的军队，老百姓都敬重他，希望他能执掌朝政。如今到古城金陵探访古迹，还可以见到当年的谢安墩。依靠着栏杆远望四周险峻的地势，高耸的谢安墩上没有人群喧哗的声音。我想象着谢安当年的风姿，缅怀着右军将军王羲之曾劝谢安以国事为重的言语。王羲之和谢安志同道合，都有为国效力的心愿。他们虽已做古，其功绩却长存于世，就像蕙兰留下的芳根一样。白鹭在春天的小洲上空飞过，青龙山迎接着初生的太阳。虽然年代久远，谢安墩却依旧存在；只是楼台倒塌，到处长满繁盛的庄稼。我来这喝喝酒，并将在这墩上建造林园。等到功成名就的时候，我将拂袖而去，到武陵源去过隐居生活。

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译文注释

1、这首是李白游历金陵谢安墩时所作。冶城：相传是三国时吴国的铸冶之地。故址在今南京市朝天宫一带。谢安墩：在金陵城东半山报宁寺的后面，谢安曾和王羲之同登此墩，后称为谢安墩。
2、晋室，指西晋王朝。横溃，引申为政权崩溃，这里是指西晋皇族争权互相残杀的“八王之乱”。
3、永嘉：晋怀帝年号．永嘉5年(311)匈奴贵族刘曜攻陷洛阳，杀死七民三万余人，中原一带人纷纷南耷避乱。
4、龙虎：喻指当时乘机崛起的割据势力。朝昏，即朝蒋．日日夜夜。
5、风，放逸，引申为追逐、奔弛。
6、天骄：天之骄子，本指匈奴．这里指侍坚的前秦。蹙，迫，侵扰。
7、哲匠：指贤明有才之士．这里指谢安。
8、云鹏：大鹏，指谢安。
9、组练：古时车卒与步兵穿的战服。楚国，指江淮一带。此句形容晋军衣甲鲜明、军容雄壮。
10、海门：指海边。
11、西秦：指十六国时苻坚的前秦。
12、投鞭：据《晋书·符坚载记》：荮坚进攻东晋时，曾吹嘘其兵力强大，说：“以吾之众旅，投鞭于江!足断其流。”一扫不足论，一举荡平晋军不在话下，此二句描绘苻坚的骄傲狂妄不可一世。
13、皇运。指东晋王朝的命运。返正，复归于正道，这里是振兴的意思。
14、丑虏：指苻坚的军队，无遗魂，吓掉了魂。
15、“谈笑”二句：据《晋书·谢安传》记载：苻坚攻晋时，谢安镇静如常，与其侄谢玄对局下棋．谈笑自若、遏：阻挡，此二二句意为：谢安谈笑自若地扣。败了前秦军，老自姓希望他执掌朝政。
16、凭览：倚栏远望，周，四周。
17、高标：指谢安墩高高耸立。绝人喧，无喧闹之声。
18、东山，指谢安。谢曾隐居东山。
19、右军言：据《晋书·谢安传》载，谢安与王羲之(右军)同登冶城时．王对谢说：“现在天下大乱，应人人为国效力，不可空谈，荒废正业。”
20、白鹭：白鹭洲，在今南京，李白在《登金陵凤凰台》有“二水中分白鹭洲”之句。
21、青龙：山名，在南京东南。朝暾：初升的太阳。
22、云物：景物。
23、清波：指酒。
24、树名园：在墩一上建筑林园。
25、武陵：郡名，在今湖南常德市一带。武陵源即桃花源，晋陶潜有《桃花源记》，这里指隐居的地方。

来源：古诗文网

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