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wǔ

五

yuè

月

shí

鲥

yú

鱼

yǐ

已

zhì

至

yàn

燕

，

lì

荔

zhī

枝

lú

卢

jú

橘

wèi

未

yīng

应

xiān

先

；

cì

赐

xiān

鲜

biàn

徧

jí

及

zhōng

中

ruì

瑞

dì

第

，

jiàn

荐

shú

熟

shuí

谁

kāi

开

qǐn

寝

miào

庙

yán

筵

。

bái

白

rì

日

fēng

风

chén

尘

chí

驰

yì

驿

qí

骑

，

yán

炎

tiān

天

bīng

冰

xuě

雪

hù

护

jiāng

江

chuán

船

。

yín

银

lín

鳞

xì

细

gǔ

骨

kān

堪

lián

怜

rǔ

汝

，

yù

玉

jīn

筋

jīn

金

pán

盘

gǎn

敢

wàng

望

chuán

传

。

五月鲥鱼已至燕，荔枝卢橘未应先；
赐鲜徧及中瑞第，荐熟谁开寝庙筵。
白日风尘驰驿骑，炎天冰雪护江船。
银鳞细骨堪怜汝，玉筋金盘敢望传。

译文注释

五月的鲥鱼已从江南运到北京，荔枝和卢桔也未能抢先。皇帝赏赐的时鲜食品遍及到宦官宅第，时鲜祭品已熟有谁来主持宗庙的筵席。尽管风沙满天，送鲥鱼的驿骑仍在奔驰，遇上炎热的暑天就在江上送鱼船里用冰雪护着鲥鱼。白色的鱼鳞细嫩的鱼刺实在令人喜爱，又岂敢盼望皇帝赏赐那玉箸金盘。

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译文注释

鲥鱼：产海洋中，春夏之交为产卵期，方溯河而上，南方江河中多有之，以江苏镇江市之金山、浙江之桐庐县等处所产为最有名。
燕：指北京，明成祖永乐十九年，（年）自南京迁都于此。
卢橘：《文选》注为枇杷。《本草纲目》李时珍注为金橘。此应指枇杷。
先：抢先。
鲜：时鲜食品。
及：到。
中珰：宦官。珰，冠饰。
第：宅第，府第。
荐：无牲而祭曰荐，指时鲜祭品。
开：设，此指主持。
寝庙：即宗庙，前为庙，后为寝。
筵：筵席。
风尘：风沙。
驰：奔驰。
江船：江中之船，此指送鱼船。
玉筯金盘：皇帝赐臣下食物所用器物。筯，同箸。
敢：岂敢。
望：盼望。
传：颁赐，赏赐。

来源：

作者介绍

何景明（1483～1521）字仲默，号白坡，又号大复山人，信阳浉河区人。明弘治十五年(1502)进士，授中书舍人。正德初，宦官刘瑾擅权，何景明谢病归。刘瑾诛，官复原职。官至陕西提学副使。为“前七子”之一，与李梦阳并称文坛领袖。其诗取法汉唐，一些诗作颇有现实内容。有《大复集》。百科详情>>

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