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稼说送张琥

【作者】苏轼【朝代】宋

拼音

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xiū

休

，

ér

而

dì

地

lì

力

dé

得

quán

全

；

qí

其

shí

食

zú

足

ér

而

yǒu

有

yú

余

，

zé

则

zhǒng

种

zhī

之

cháng

常

bù

不

hòu

后

shí

时

，

ér

而

liǎn

敛

zhī

之

cháng

常

jí

及

qí

其

shú

熟

。

gù

故

fù

富

rén

人

zhī

之

jià

稼

cháng

常

měi

美

，

shǎo

少

bǐ

秕

ér

而

duō

多

shí

实

，

jiǔ

久

cáng

藏

ér

而

bù

不

fǔ

腐

。

jīn

今

wú

吾

shí

十

kǒu

口

zhī

之

jiā

家

，

ér

而

gòng

共

bǎi

百

mǔ

亩

zhī

之

tián

田

。

cùn

寸

cùn

寸

ér

而

qǔ

取

zhī

之

，

rì

日

yè

夜

yǐ

以

wàng

望

zhī

之

，

chú

锄

、

zhì

铚

、

yōu

耰

、

ài

艾

，

xiāng

相

xún

寻

yú

于

qí

其

shàng

上

zhě

者

rú

如

yú

鱼

lín

鳞

，

ér

而

dì

地

lì

力

jié

竭

yǐ

矣

。

zhǒng

种

zhī

之

cháng

常

bù

不

jí

及

shí

时

，

ér

而

liǎn

敛

zhī

之

cháng

常

bù

不

dài

待

qí

其

shú

熟

。

cǐ

此

qǐ

岂

néng

能

fù

复

yǒu

有

měi

美

jià

稼

zāi

哉

？

gǔ

古

zhī

之

rén

人

，

qí

其

cái

才

fēi

非

yǒu

有

yǐ

以

dà

大

guò

过

jīn

今

zhī

之

rén

人

yě

也

。

píng

平

jū

居

suǒ

所

yǐ

以

zì

自

yǎng

养

ér

而

bù

不

gǎn

敢

qīng

轻

yòng

用

，

yǐ

以

dài

待

qí

其

chéng

成

zhě

者

，

mǐn

闵

mǐn

闵

yān

焉

，

rú

如

yīng

婴

ér

儿

zhī

之

wàng

望

zhī

之

zhǎng

长

yě

也

。

ruò

弱

zhě

者

yǎng

养

zhī

之

，

yǐ

以

zhì

至

yú

于

gāng

刚

；

xū

虚

zhě

者

yǎng

养

zhī

之

，

yǐ

以

zhì

至

yú

于

chōng

充

。

sān

三

shí

十

ér

而

hòu

后

shì

仕

，

wǔ

五

shí

十

ér

而

hòu

后

jué

爵

。

xìn

信

yú

于

jiǔ

久

qū

屈

zhī

之

zhōng

中

，

ér

而

yòng

用

yú

于

zhì

至

zú

足

zhī

之

hòu

后

；

liú

流

yú

于

jì

既

yì

溢

zhī

之

yú

余

，

ér

而

fā

发

yú

于

chí

持

mǎn

满

zhī

之

mò

末

。

cǐ

此

gǔ

古

zhī

之

rén

人

suǒ

所

yǐ

以

dà

大

guò

过

rén

人

，

ér

而

jīn

今

zhī

之

jūn

君

子

suǒ

所

yǐ

以

bù

不

jí

及

yě

也

。

wú

吾

shǎo

少

yě

也

yǒu

有

zhì

志

yú

于

xué

学

，

bù

不

xìng

幸

ér

而

zǎo

早

dé

得

yǔ

与

wú

吾

zǐ

子

tóng

同

nián

年

，

wú

吾

zǐ

子

zhī

之

dé

得

，

yì

亦

bù

不

kě

可

wèi

谓

bù

不

zǎo

早

yě

也

。

wú

吾

jīn

今

suī

虽

yù

欲

zì

自

yǐ

以

wéi

为

bù

不

zú

足

，

ér

而

zhòng

众

yǐ

已

wàng

妄

tuī

推

zhī

之

yǐ

矣

。

wū

呜

hū

呼

！

wú

吾

zǐ

子

qí

其

qù

去

cǐ

此

，

ér

而

wù

务

xué

学

yě

也

zāi

哉

！

bó

博

guān

观

ér

而

yuē

约

qǔ

取

，

hòu

厚

jī

积

ér

而

báo

薄

fā

发

，

wú

吾

gào

告

子

zhǐ

止

yú

于

cǐ

此

yǐ

矣

。

子

guī

归

guò

过

jīng

京

shī

师

ér

而

wèn

问

yān

焉

，

yǒu

有

yuē

曰

zhé

辙

、

子

yóu

由

zhě

者

，

wú

吾

dì

弟

yě

也

，

qí

其

yì

亦

yǐ

以

shì

是

yǔ

语

zhī

之

。

曷尝观于富人之稼乎？其田美而多，其食足而有余。其田美而多，则可以更休，而地力得全；其食足而有余，则种之常不后时，而敛之常及其熟。故富人之稼常美，少秕而多实，久藏而不腐。
今吾十口之家，而共百亩之田。寸寸而取之，日夜以望之，锄、铚、耰、艾，相寻于其上者如鱼鳞，而地力竭矣。种之常不及时，而敛之常不待其熟。此岂能复有美稼哉？
古之人，其才非有以大过今之人也。平居所以自养而不敢轻用，以待其成者，闵闵焉，如婴儿之望之长也。弱者养之，以至于刚；虚者养之，以至于充。三十而后仕，五十而后爵。信于久屈之中，而用于至足之后；流于既溢之余，而发于持满之末。此古之人所以大过人，而今之君子所以不及也。
吾少也有志于学，不幸而早得与吾子同年，吾子之得，亦不可谓不早也。吾今虽欲自以为不足，而众已妄推之矣。呜呼！吾子其去此，而务学也哉！博观而约取，厚积而薄发，吾告子止于此矣。
子归过京师而问焉，有曰辙、子由者，吾弟也，其亦以是语之。

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送别劝勉寓理

作者介绍

苏轼（1037年1月8日－1101年8月24日），字子瞻，号“东坡居士”，世称“苏东坡”。汉族，眉州人。北宋诗人、词人，宋代文学家，是豪放派词人的主要代表之一，“唐宋八大家”之一。在政治上属于旧党，但也有改革弊政的要求。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，其诗题材广泛，内容丰富，现存诗3900余首。代表作品有《水调歌头·中秋》、《赤壁赋》、《江城子·乙卯正月二十日夜记梦》、《记承天寺夜游》等。百科详情>>

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