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拟行路难·其四

【作者】鲍照【朝代】南北朝

拼音

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泻水置平地，各自东西南北流。
人生亦有命，安能行叹复坐愁？
酌酒以自宽，举杯断绝歌路难。
心非木石岂无感？吞声踯躅不敢言。

标签:

情感托物抒怀古诗三百首哲理抒怀

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

往平地上倒水，水会向不同方向流散一样，人生贵贱穷达是不一致的。
人生是既定的，怎么能成天自怨自哀。
喝点酒来宽慰自己，歌唱《行路难》，歌唱声因举杯饮酒而中断。
人心又不是草木，怎么会没有感情？欲说还休，欲行又止，不再多说什么。

︾查看更多︽收起更多

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

“泻水”二句：往平地上倒水，水流方向不一喻人生贵贱穷达是不一致的。泻，倾,倒。
“举杯”句：这句是说《行路难》的歌唱因饮酒而中断。
吞声：声将发又止。从“吞声”、“踯躅”、“不敢”见出所忧不是细致的事。
踯躅（zhí zhú）：徘徊不前。
举杯断绝歌路难：因要饮酒而中断了《行路难》的歌唱。断绝：停止。
断绝：停止

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

作者从这“水向四方流淌”的现象中，悟出了与之相似的人生哲理：用“水”比作人，那向着“东西南北”流淌的水就像是社会中不同生活处境的人。“水”的流向是地势造成的，而人的处境是门第决定的。通过首两句，形象地揭示了门阀制度的不合理性。诗人对这样的现象感到悲愤不已，他感到无尽的惆怅而又难以化解，甚至饮酒都无法让他在烦忧之中解脱。然而这样的社会之中，寒微士人只能忍气吞声，这不幸的根源，已尽在不言中。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

《拟行路难十八首》是鲍照拟汉乐府杂曲《行路难》而作的组诗作品，《行路难》原辞已不传，鲍照这十八首拟作是今传此曲的最早作品。这十八首诗题材不尽相同，当非一时一地之作。元嘉二十八年（451）到元嘉三十年（453）间，鲍照先是自解侍郎，后离开始兴王任永安令，接着刘劭谋反，自己又被“禁止”，蒙受株连。仕途坎坷，几度沉浮，对照组诗的内容，有许多与这个时期景况暗合之处。《拟行路难十八首》当作于这个时期。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊

拟行路难：摹拟汉乐府杂曲歌辞《行路难》而作的诗。

鲍照与颜延之、谢灵运并称“元嘉三大家”

这首诗抒写诗人在门阀制度重压下，深感世路艰难激发起的愤慨不平之情，其思想内容与原题妙合无垠。

赏析

这首“泻水置平地”鲍照《拟行路难》中的第四篇，抒写人在门阀制度重压下，深感世路艰难激发起的愤慨不平之情，其思想内容与原题妙合无垠。
诗歌起笔陡然，入手便写水泻地面，四方流淌的现象。既没有波涛万顷的壮阔场面，也不见澄静如练的幽美意境。然而，就在这既不神奇又不玄妙的普通自然现象里，诗人却顿悟出了与之相似相通的某种人生哲理。作者运用的是以“水”喻人的比兴手法，那流向“东西南北”不同方位的“水”，恰好比喻了社会生活中高低贵贱不同处境的人。“水”的流向，是地势造成的；人的处境，是门第决定的。因此说，起首两句，通过对泻水的寻常现象的... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

鲍照（约415年～470年）南朝宋文学家，与颜延之、谢灵运合称“元嘉三大家”。字明远，汉族，祖籍东海（治所在今山东郯城西南，辖区包括今江苏涟水，久居建康（今南京）。家世贫贱，临海王刘子顼镇荆州时，任前军参军。刘子顼作乱，照为乱兵所杀。他长于乐府诗，其七言诗对唐代诗歌的发展起了很重要的作用。有《鲍参军集》。百科详情>>

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