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【作者】范云【朝代】南北朝

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澄

？

河流迅且浊，汤汤不可陵。
桧楫难为榜，松舟才自胜。
空庭偃旧木，荒畴余故塍。
不睹行人迹，但见狐兔兴。
寄言河上老，此水何当澄？

标签:

黄河忧国忧民渡河景色

译文注释

黄河流水湍急而且浑浊，其盛大的水势不可阻挡。用桧木做成的桨，船夫也难以使用，松木造成的坚船方可胜任。空院落倒放着旧木头，荒地里留着旧土埂。这里不见行人的踪迹，所见的只有狐狸兔子的出没。我要对黄河边上的老人说，这浊水何时才能澄清啊？

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赏析

此诗当为作者公元492年（永明十年）出使北魏途中作。黄河在北魏境内，时魏都在平城（今山西大同），故须渡河北上。
前四句写渡河情况。“河流迅且浊，汤汤不可陵。”起笔写出了黄河的气势和特征：水流迅猛而浑浊。“汤汤”，水势浩大。“不可陵”，不可超越，极言渡河之难。“桧楫难为榜，松舟才自胜。”“桧楫”，桧树做的桨。桧和松都是坚硬的木材，常用来制造船桨，《诗经·竹竿》有“淇水滺滺，桧楫松舟”的句子。这里说，连桧楫使用（榜，划船）起来都好像力不胜任，松舟也只是勉强胜载，可见河水的迅猛，渡河的危险、困难。中四句写岸畔所见。“空庭偃旧木... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

范云（451～503年），字彦龙，南乡舞阴（今河南泌阳县西北）人，南朝文学家。范缜从弟，子范孝才。范云六岁时随其姑父袁叔明读《诗》，“日诵九纸”。八岁时遇到宋豫州刺史殷琰，殷琰同他攀谈，范云从容对答，即席作诗，挥笔而成。早年在南齐竟陵王萧子良幕中，为“竟陵八友”之一。齐武帝永明十年（492年），和萧琛出使北魏，受到魏孝文帝的称赏。从北魏还朝，迁零陵内史，又为始兴内史、广州刺史，皆有政绩。萧衍代齐建梁，任为侍中，迁散骑常侍、吏部尚书，再迁尚书右仆射，霄城县侯。居官能直言劝谏，天监二年病故，享年五十三岁。范云病故后，梁武帝闻讯痛哭流涕，即日御驾临殡。死后追赠侍中、卫将军，赐谥曰文。百科详情>>

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