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【作者】贾岛【朝代】唐

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译文

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sōng

松

xià

下

wèn

问

tóng

童

zǐ

子

，

yán

言

shī

师

cǎi

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去

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zhǐ

只

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在

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此

shān

山

zhōng

中

，

yún
云
shēn
深
bù
不
zhī
知
chù
处
。

苍松下，我询问隐者的童子他的师傅到哪里去了？他说，师傅已经采药去了。还指着高山说，就在这座山中，可是林深云密，我也不知道他到底在哪。

松下问童子，言师采药去。

苍松下，我询问隐者的童子他的师傅到哪里去了？他说，师傅已经采药去了。

只在此山中，云深不知处。

还指着高山说，就在这座山中，可是林深云密，我也不知道他到底在哪。

松下问童子，言师采药去。
只在此山中，云深不知处。

标签:

人物唐诗三百首写人场景寻访

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

苍松下，我询问隐者的童子他的师傅到哪里去了？他说，师傅已经采药去了。还指着高山说，就在这座山中，可是林深云密，我也不知道他到底在哪。

︾查看更多︽收起更多

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

⑴寻：寻访。隐者：隐士，隐居在山林中的人。古代指不肯做官而隐居在山野之间的人。一般指的是贤士。不遇：没有遇到，没有见到。
⑵童子：没有成年的人，小孩。在这里是指“隐者”的弟子、学生。
⑶言：回答，说。
⑷云深：指山上的云雾。处：行踪，所在。

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

《寻隐者不遇》是唐代诗僧贾岛的作品。此诗首句写寻者问童子，后三句都是童子的答话，诗人采用了寓问于答的手法，把寻访不遇的焦急心情，描绘得淋漓尽致。诗中以白云比隐者的高洁，以苍松喻隐者的风骨，写寻访不遇，愈衬出寻者对隐者的钦慕高仰之情。全诗遣词通俗清丽，言繁笔简，情深意切，白描无华，是一篇难得的言简意丰之作。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

有一天，贾岛到一座深山拜访一位隐居山林的隐士。这位隐士精通医术，他经常上山采药，救治病人。对他那无拘无束的生活，贾岛很是仰慕。隐者不详何人，有人认为是贾岛的山友长孙霞。此诗的具体创作时间难以考证，这次探访并没有遇到隐士，通过跟隐士弟子的谈话，有感而发，创作了这首诗。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊

这首诗是一首问答诗，才用了寓问于答的写作手法

贾岛，中唐诗人，因“推敲”著称的“苦吟诗人”，又有“诗僧” 之称。与孟郊齐名，世称“郊寒岛瘦”。

诗中用白云象征隐者的高洁，用苍松象征隐者的风骨，字里行间，尽是诗人对隐者的钦慕之情。

诗人的感情由惆怅转为期冀，又由期冀转为更深一层的惆怅，流露出终不可及感叹失望之情。

赏析

中国传统文化中，松、竹、梅为岁寒三友，士大夫们往往以此表明其安贫乐道，不与世俗、清洁孤傲之志。首句“松下问童子”，从表层上说交待了作者寻访隐者未得，于是向隐者的徒弟问寻的这一连串的过程；而深层上则暗示隐者傍松结茅，以松为友，渲染出隐者高逸的生活情致。下面三句都是童子的回答，包含着人的层层追问，意思层层递进，言约意赅，令人回味无穷。
第一答：“言师采药去”，从全诗的结构看，从环境氛围的渲染，进入到行动的白描，从抽象进入到具体。我国古代有追求长生不老的思想，秦皇汉武，就是一种典型，乃至秦汉方士盛行，欺诈成风。与此不同，高蹈世... 古诗文网>>

贾岛是以“推敲”两字出名的苦吟诗人。一般认为他只是在用字方面下功夫，其实他的“推敲”不仅着眼于锤字炼句，在谋篇构思方面也是同样煞费苦心的。此诗就是一个例证。
这首诗的特点是寓问于答。“松下问童子”，必有所问，而这里把问话省略了，只从童子所答“师采药去”这四个字而可想见当时松下所问是“师往何处去”。接着又把“采药在何处”这一问句省掉，而以“只在此山中”的童子答辞，把问句隐括在内。最后一句“云深不知处”，又是童子答复对方采药究竟在山前、山后、山顶、山脚的问题。明明三番问答，至少须六句方能表达的，贾岛采用了以答句包赅问句的手法... 诗词名句网>>

作者介绍

贾岛（779～843年），字浪（阆）仙，唐代诗人。汉族，唐朝河北道幽州范阳县（今河北省涿州市）人。早年出家为僧，号无本。自号“碣石山人”。据说在洛阳的时候因当时有命令禁止和尚午后外出，贾岛做诗发牢骚，被韩愈发现其才华。后受教于韩愈，并还俗参加科举，但累举不中第。唐文宗的时候被排挤，贬做长江主簿。唐武宗会昌年初由普州司仓参军改任司户，未任病逝。百科详情>>

寻隐者不遇

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