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虞美人·宜州见梅作

【作者】黄庭坚【朝代】宋

拼音

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天涯也有江南信。梅破知春近。夜阑风细得香迟。不道晓来开遍、向南枝。
玉台弄粉花应妒。飘到眉心住。平生个里愿杯深。去国十年老尽、少年心。

标签:

梅花咏物抒怀动植物

译文注释

在宜州看到梅花开放，知道春天即将来临。夜尽时，迟迟闻不到梅花的香味，以为梅花还没有开放；早晨起来，才发现在面南的枝条上已开满了梅花，真是没有想到。女子在镜台前化妆，引起了梅花的羡妒，就飘落在她的眉心上。要在平常见到这种景象，便希望畅怀酣饮；现在就不同了，自从被贬离开汴京，十年来，那种青年人的情怀、兴致已经不存在了。

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译文注释

①宜州：今广西宜山县一带。
②梅破知春近：梅花绽破花蕾开放，预示着春天的来临。
③开遍向阳枝：南枝由于向着太阳，故先开放。
④“玉台”二句：玉台，传说中天神的居处，也指朝廷的宫室。
⑤弄粉：把梅花的开放比作天宫“弄粉”。
⑥飘到眉心住：宋武帝女寿阳公主人日卧于含章殿下。梅花落于公主额上，成五出花，拂之不去。词中意谓由于群花的妒忌，梅花无地可立，只好移到美人的眉心停住，古代妇女化妆时常在眉心点梅花砂痣。
⑦“平生个里愿杯深”两句：年轻时遇到良辰美景，总是尽兴喝酒，可是经十年贬谪之后，再也没有这种兴致了。个里，个中、此中。去国，离开朝廷。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

此词为山谷因写《承天院塔记》被朝廷指为“幸灾谤国”而贬谪地处西南的边地宜州后所作。全词以咏梅为中民，把天涯与江南、垂老与少年、去国十年与平生作了一个对比性总结，既表现出天涯见梅的喜悦，朝花夕拾的欣慰，又抒写不胜今昔之慨，表现出作者心中郁结的不平与愤懑。
“天涯也有江南信，梅破知春近 ”。宜州地近海南，去京国数千里，说是“天涯”不算夸张。到贬所居然能看到江南常见的梅花，作者很诧异。“梅破知春 ”，这不仅是以江南梅花多在冬末春初开放，意谓春天来临；而且是侧重于地域的联想，意味着“天涯”也无法隔断“江南”与我的联系（作者... 诗词名句网>>

作者介绍

黄庭坚（1045－1105），字鲁直，自号山谷道人，晚号涪翁，又称豫章黄先生，汉族，洪州分宁（今江西修水）人。北宋诗人、词人、书法家，为盛极一时的江西诗派开山之祖，而且，他跟杜甫、陈师道和陈与义素有“一祖三宗”（黄为其中一宗）之称。英宗治平四年(1067)进士。历官叶县尉、北京国子监教授、校书郎、著作佐郎、秘书丞、涪州别驾、黔州安置等。诗歌方面，他与苏轼并称为“苏黄”；书法方面，他则与苏轼、米芾、蔡襄并称为“宋代四大家”；词作方面，虽曾与秦观并称“秦黄”，但黄氏的词作成就却远逊于秦氏。百科详情>>

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