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疏影·咏荷叶

【作者】张炎【朝代】宋

拼音

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碧圆自洁。向浅洲远渚，亭亭清绝。犹有遗簪，不展秋心，能卷几多炎热。鸳鸯密语同倾盖，且莫与、浣纱人说。恐怨歌、忽断花风，碎却翠云千叠。
回首当年汉舞，怕飞去、谩皱留仙裙折。恋恋青衫，犹染枯香，还叹鬓丝飘雪。盘心清露如铅水，又一夜、西风吹折。喜静看、匹练秋光，倒泻半湖明月。

标签:

荷花咏物抒怀动植物

译文注释

碧绿的圆荷天生净洁，向着清浅的沙洲，遥远的水边，它亭亭摇曳，清姿妙绝。还有水面刚刚冒出的卷得纤细的荷叶像美人坠落的玉簪，抱着一片素洁的心田，能将多少炎热卷掩？两片伞盖状的荷叶像成双鸳鸯一见如故亲密私语，且不要，向浣纱的美女说起。只恐怕花风忽然吹断哀怨的歌吟，将荷丛搅碎像千叠翠云。
回首当年汉宫里起舞翩翩，天子怕大风吹走舞袖飘扬的赵飞燕，叫人胡乱扯皱了舞裙，自此带皱折的“留仙裙”就在后世流传。叫我恋恋不舍的青衫，还沾染着枯荷的余香，还叹息着鬓丝如白雪飘散。绿盘心中盈聚着清晶露珠，像金铜仙人的清泪点点，又是一夜西风将它吹断。我喜欢观看，明月洒下澄净的飞光，如白色的匹练，倒泻入半个湖面。

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译文注释

①碧圆：指荷叶。
②遗簪：指刚出水面尚未展开的嫩荷叶。未展叶之荷叶芽尖，似绿簪。
③倾盖：二车相邻，车盖相交接，表示一见如故。
④怨歌：喻秋声。
⑤花风：花信风，应花期而来的风。
⑥汉舞：指汉赵飞燕掌中起舞。
⑦翠云千叠：指荷叶堆叠如云的样子。
⑧留仙初褶（zhě）：此指荷叶多皱褶，灯多褶裙。《赵后外传》：“后歌归风送远之曲，帝以文犀箸击玉瓯。酒酣风起，后扬袖曰：‘仙乎仙乎，去故而就新。’帝令左右持其裙，久之，风止，裙为之皱。后曰：‘帝恩我，使我仙去不得。’他日宫姝或襞裙为皱，号‘留仙裙’。”
⑨盘心清露如铅水：喻荷叶带水。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

这是一首咏物词，上阕写荷叶神态，下阕叹自己已发如雪白，不同心生怅惘，但又幸有如荷叶的心灵，能够欣赏流泻如练的月光。结尾三句写荷池整体画面，相融相汇，空明宏丽。
本篇为咏荷抒怀之作。全词咏物而不滞于物，字面上处处写荷叶，但又时时能感受到作者对人生的感叹。全词色彩鲜明，清丽流畅，洋溢着积极乐观的情绪。通过咏叹荷叶的高洁自持，取其出淤泥而不染的品性，隐寓着词人洁身自好的情志。上片妙笔描绘荷叶之芳姿，富有情趣。重点写荷叶之形，开头三句写开放的荷亭亭玉立向远处铺展的情景。“犹有遗簪”三句写刚出水面之嫩叶卷曲未伸展的情景，上下兼顾。... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

张炎（1248年－1320年），字叔夏，号玉田，晚年号乐笑翁。祖籍陕西凤翔。六世祖张俊，宋朝著名将领。父张枢，“西湖吟社”重要成员，妙解音律，与著名词人周密相交。张炎是勋贵之后，前半生居于临安，生活优裕，而宋亡以后则家道中落，晚年漂泊落拓。著有《山中白云词》，存词302首。张炎另一重要的贡献在于创作了中国最早的词论专著《词源》，总结整理了宋末雅词一派的主要艺术思想与成就，其中以“清空”，“骚雅”为主要主张。百科详情>>

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