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鞠歌行

【作者】李白【朝代】唐

拼音

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玉不自言如桃李，鱼目笑之卞和耻。楚国青蝇何太多，
连城白璧遭谗毁。荆山长号泣血人，忠臣死为刖足鬼。
听曲知甯戚，夷吾因小妻。秦穆五羊皮，买死百里奚。
洗拂青云上，当时贱如泥。朝歌鼓刀叟，虎变磻溪中。
一举钓六合，遂荒营丘东。平生渭水曲，谁识此老翁。
奈何今之人，双目送飞鸿。

标签:

仕途乐府感伤

译文注释

美玉自知自身高洁无瑕，但不与桃李攀比，非要与之争个上下高低。但那些小人却不懂得谦虚、不争是一种美德，反而鱼目混珠，不分优劣，把劣质的当成好的，把美玉当成引以为耻的东西。堂堂楚国，颠倒黑白的小人怎么那么多呢？价值连城的美玉屡次遭到谗言和毁弃。怀抱美玉而痛哭于荆山下的卞和，本是忠信之臣，却遭到割足砍脚的不幸。宁戚报国无门，在桓公门前唱小曲。管仲经过小妾的解释而最终获得了齐桓公的重用。百里奚流亡到楚国，秦穆公用五张牡黑羊皮把他赎回来，并任用他为大夫。朝歌的屠夫吕望在渭水之滨垂钓，九十岁终于得到周文王的重用。周武王取得天下以后，封吕望在齐国营丘之地，治理齐国。吕望一生都在渭水之滨垂钓，有谁人认识他，关注他呢？如今的人，更是无人来关注像他这样的垂钓者了，目送飞鸿而去，却无意于他的报国之心。

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译文注释

①桃李：古谚有“桃李不言，下自成蹊”，比喻人不善于言谈而很优秀。这里用的就是这个意思。
②鱼目：指伪造的劣质品。张协有“鱼目笑明月”。
③卞和：春秋时代的楚国人。相传他在荆山发现一块玉璞，先后献给楚厉王、楚武王，君王都以为他是欺诈，先后截去他的双脚。文王即位，卞和抱璞哭于荆山下，文王命令玉工加工，果然得到了美玉，世称“和氏璧”。
④青蝇：比喻颠倒黑白的小人。
⑤连城白璧：指和氏璧，价值连城。赵惠王得和氏璧，秦昭王愿意用十五座城作为交换。
⑥泣血人：指在荆山之下哭泣的卞和。
⑦忠臣死为刖足鬼：卞和本是忠臣，但两次被君王截去自己的脚。
⑧夷吾：管仲的小名。
⑨百里奚：春秋时秦国的大夫。后来他流亡到楚国，被楚国国君扣留。秦穆公就拿五张牡黑羊皮把他赎回，用为大夫。
⑩洗拂：洗涤与拂拭尘垢。朝歌：地名，殷代京城。在今河南省。鼓刀叟：指屠夫吕望。相传他在五十岁时做小贩，七十岁在朝歌屠牛，八十岁在渭水之滨钓鱼，九十岁见到周文王，得到周文王的重用。钓六合：取得天下。双目送飞鸿：这里用的是典故：卫灵公与孔子说话，见到天上的飞雁，就抬头观望，无意与孔子交谈，孔子就走了。这里指想对君王谈治国王霸之策，但却无人肯听，欲报国而无门。

来源：古诗文网

作者介绍

李白（701－762），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。汉族，祖籍陇西成纪，出生于碎叶城（当时属唐朝领土，今属吉尔吉斯斯坦），4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。李白生活在盛唐时期，二十五岁时只身出蜀，开始了广泛漫游生活，南到洞庭湘江，东至吴、越，寓居在安陆、应山。直到天宝元年（742），因道士吴筠的推荐，李白被召至长安，供奉翰林，后因不能见容于权贵，在京仅两年半，就赐金放还而去，然后飘荡四方的漫游生活。李白和杜甫并称“李杜”。他的诗歌既反映了时代的繁荣景象，也揭露了统治阶级的荒淫和腐败，表现出蔑视权贵，反抗传统束缚，追求自由和理想的积极精神。百科详情>>

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