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【作者】黄庭坚【朝代】宋

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满

chuān

川

fēng

风

yǔ

雨

dú

独

píng

凭

lán

栏

，

wǎn

绾

jié

结

xiāng

湘

娥

shí

十

èr

二

huán

鬟

。

kě

可

xī

惜

bù

不

dàng

当

hú

湖

shuǐ

水

miàn

面

，

yín

银

shān

山

duī

堆

lǐ

里

kàn

看

qīng

青

shān

山

。

其一
投荒万死鬓毛斑，生出瞿塘滟滪关。
未到江南先一笑，岳阳楼上对君山。
其二
满川风雨独凭栏，绾结湘娥十二鬟。
可惜不当湖水面，银山堆里看青山。

标签:

喜悦古诗三百首登楼情感抒情场景

译文注释

其一：被远贬蛮荒之地历经万死，如今鬓发斑白，没想到有生之年还能获赦回归，活着走出瞿塘峡和滟预堆。今天还没有到江南地区就已经感到高兴，因为登上岳阳楼看到了美丽的君山。其二：在风雨中一个人登楼凭栏远望，看到远处君山起伏好像十二个绾起来的发髻。可惜我今天的角度不好，没有正好对着湖水。要不然就可以在风雨中透过洞庭湖水如银山迭起的大浪看到青青的君山。

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译文注释

⑴岳阳楼：在湖南岳阳城西门，面临洞庭湖。唐张说谪岳州时所建，宋庆历五年（1045年）滕宗谅重修，范仲淹为撰《岳阳楼记》。君山：洞庭山，洞庭湖中的一座小岛。
⑵投荒：被流放到荒远边地。唐独孤及《为明州独孤使君祭员郎中文》：“公负谴投荒，予亦左衽异域。”柳宗元“万死投荒十二年”。鬓（bìn）毛：鬓发。唐贺知章《回乡偶书》：“少小离家老大回，乡音无改鬓毛衰。”斑：花白。
⑶瞿（qú）塘：瞿塘峡，在今重庆市奉节县东，长江三峡之首。滟（yàn）滪（yù）关：滟滪堆是矗立在瞿塘峡口江中的一块大石头，突兀江心，形势险峻。附近的水流得非常急，是航行很危险的地带。古代民谣有“滟滪大如襆，瞿塘不可触”的话。因其险要，故称之为关。生入瞿塘滟滪关：东汉班超从军西域三十一年，年老思归，有“但愿生入玉门关”的话。此用其语。入：一作“出”。
⑷江南：这里泛指长江下游南岸，包括作者的故乡分宁在内。
⑸川：这里指洞庭湖。
⑹“绾结”句：写风雨凭栏时所见君山。绾（wǎn）结：（将头发）向上束起。一作“绾髻”。湘娥：《楚辞·九歌》中的湘君和湘夫人，相传即帝舜二妃娥皇和女英，君山是她们居住的地方。鬟（huán）：发髻。十二鬟：是说君山丘陵起伏，有如女神各式各样的发髻。
⑺当：正对着，指在湖面上面对着湖水。
⑻银山：一作“银盘”，洞庭湖里的波浪。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

第一首诗写遇赦归来的欣悦之情。首句写历尽坎坷，九死一生，次句谓不曾想还活着出了瞿塘峡和滟滪关，表示劫后重生的喜悦。三四句进一步写放逐归来的欣幸心情：还没有到江南的家乡就已欣然一笑，在这岳阳楼上欣赏壮阔景观，等回到了家乡，还不知该是如何的欣慰。此诗意兴洒脱，诗人乐观豪爽之情可以想见，映照出诗人不畏磨难、豁达洒脱的情怀。全诗用语精当，感情表述真切。
诗以望君山一个动作，让读者自己去猜测揣摸，去体会。这样的结尾，与王维《酬张少府》结句“君问穷通理，渔歌入浦深”及杜甫《缚鸡行》结句“鸡虫得失无了时，注目寒江倚山阁”相同，都是不写... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

黄庭坚（1045－1105），字鲁直，自号山谷道人，晚号涪翁，又称豫章黄先生，汉族，洪州分宁（今江西修水）人。北宋诗人、词人、书法家，为盛极一时的江西诗派开山之祖，而且，他跟杜甫、陈师道和陈与义素有“一祖三宗”（黄为其中一宗）之称。英宗治平四年(1067)进士。历官叶县尉、北京国子监教授、校书郎、著作佐郎、秘书丞、涪州别驾、黔州安置等。诗歌方面，他与苏轼并称为“苏黄”；书法方面，他则与苏轼、米芾、蔡襄并称为“宋代四大家”；词作方面，虽曾与秦观并称“秦黄”，但黄氏的词作成就却远逊于秦氏。百科详情>>

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