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青蝇

【作者】佚名【朝代】先秦

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营营青蝇，止于樊。岂弟君子，无信谗言。
营营青蝇，止于棘。谗人罔极，交乱四国。
营营青蝇，止于榛。谗人罔极，构我二人。

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嗡嗡营营飞舞的苍蝇，停在篱笆上吮舐不停。和蔼可亲的君子啊，切莫把害人的谗言听信。
　　嗡嗡营营飞舞的苍蝇，停在酸枣树上吮舐不停。谗害人的话儿没有标准，把四方邻国搅得纷乱不平。
　　嗡嗡营营飞舞的苍蝇，停在榛树丛中吮舐不停。谗害人的话儿没有标准，弄得你我二人反目不亲。

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赏析

首先，把专进谗言的人比作苍蝇，这是十分贴切的。苍蝇作为一种令人厌恶的昆虫，具有追臭逐腐、散播病菌、嗡嗡乱叫等习性，而这些习性与人间专找缝隙进谗言害人者如出一辙。因此用苍蝇来喻指进谗者，这本身已是一个极大的成功；更遑论此三章均以“营营青蝇”取喻起兴，把它四处飞舞、不停播乱的特性表现得淋漓尽致。所以这三章前两句仅以更换末一字的形式重复出现，似拙实巧，令人不由对苍蝇产生一种挥之不去的厌恶感。“樊”、“棘”、“榛”三字一义，其实都指篱笆而言，但每一次变化，又不仅仅是单纯的同义反覆，而是隐含了对苍蝇见缝就叮、不弃不舍的深刻揭露。
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青蝇

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