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【作者】佚名【朝代】先秦

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tiān

天

mìng

命

xuán

玄

niǎo

鸟

，

jiàng

降

ér

而

shēng

生

shāng

商

，

zhái

宅

yīn

殷

tǔ

土

máng

芒

máng

芒

。

gǔ

古

dì

帝

mìng

命

wǔ

武

tāng

汤

，

zhèng

正

yù

域

bǐ

彼

sì

四

fāng

方

。

fāng

方

mìng

命

jué

厥

hòu

后

，

yǎn

奄

yǒu

有

jiǔ

九

yǒu

有

。

shāng

商

zhī

之

xiān

先

hòu

后

，

shòu

受

mìng

命

bù

不

dài

殆

，

zài

在

wǔ

武

dīng

丁

sūn

孙

子

。

wǔ

武

dīng

丁

sūn

孙

子

，

wǔ

武

wáng

王

mí

靡

bù

不

shèng

胜

。

lóng

龙

qí

旂

shí

十

chéng

乘

，

dà

大

xī

糦

shì

是

chéng

承

。

bāng

邦

jī

畿

qiān

千

lǐ

里

，

wéi

维

mín

民

suǒ

所

zhǐ

止

，

zhào

肇

yù

域

bǐ

彼

sì

四

hǎi

海

。

sì

四

hǎi

海

lái

来

jiǎ

假

，

lái

来

jiǎ

假

qí

祁

qí

祁

。

jǐng

景

yuán

员

wéi

维

hé

河

。

yīn

殷

shòu

受

mìng

命

xián

咸

yí

宜

，

bǎi

百

lù

禄

shì

是

hé

何

。

天命玄鸟，降而生商，宅殷土芒芒。古帝命武汤，正域彼四方。
方命厥后，奄有九有。商之先后，受命不殆，在武丁孙子。武丁孙子，武王靡不胜。
龙旂十乘，大糦是承。邦畿千里，维民所止，肇域彼四海。
四海来假，来假祁祁。景员维河。殷受命咸宜，百禄是何。

标签:

祭祀目的颂歌诗经

译文注释

天帝发令给神燕，
生契建商降人间，
住在殷地广又宽。
当时天帝命成汤，
征伐天下安四边。
昭告部落各首领，
九州土地商占遍。
商朝先王后继前，
承受天命不怠慢，
裔孙武丁最称贤。
武丁确是好后代，
成汤遗业能承担。
龙旗大车有十乘，
贡献粮食常载满。
千里国土真辽阔，
百姓居处得平安，
四海疆域至极远。
四夷小国来朝拜，
车水马龙各争先。
景山外围大河流，
殷受天命人称善，
百样福禄都占全。

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译文注释

⑴玄鸟：黑色燕子。传说有娀氏之女简狄吞燕卵而怀孕生契，契建商。
⑵宅：居住。芒芒：同“茫茫”。　
⑶古：从前。帝：天帝，上帝。武汤：即成汤，汤号曰武。
⑷正（zhēng）：同“征”。　
⑸方：遍，普。后：君主，此指各部落的酋长首领。
⑹奄：包括。九有：九州。传说禹划天下为九州。《尔雅·释地》：“两河间曰冀州，河南曰豫州，河西曰雍州，汉南曰荆州，江南曰扬州，济南曰兖州，济东曰徐州，燕曰幽州，齐曰营州。”
⑺先后：先王。
⑻命：天命。殆：通“怠”，懈怠。
⑼武丁：即殷高宗，汤的后代。
⑽武王：即武汤，成汤。胜：胜任。
⑾旂（qí）：古时一种旗帜，上画龙形，竿头系铜铃。乘（shèng）：四马一车为乘。　
⑿糦：同“饎”，酒食。
⒀邦畿：封畿，疆界。
⒁止：居住。
⒂肇域四海：始拥有四海之疆域。四海，《尔雅》以“九夷、八狄、七戎、六蛮”为“四海”。或释“肇”为“兆”，兆域，即疆域。　
⒃来假（gé）：来朝。
⒄祁祁：纷杂众多之貌。
⒅景：景山，在今河南商丘，古称亳，为商之都城所在。
⒆咸宜：谓人们都认为适宜。
⒇何（hè）：通“荷”，承担。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

此诗是祭祀殷高宗武丁的颂歌。《毛诗序》云：“《玄鸟》，祀高宗也。”郑笺云：“祀当为祫。祫，合也。高宗，殷王武丁，中宗玄孙之孙也。有雊雉之异，又惧而修德，殷道复兴，故亦表显之，号为高宗云。崩而始合祭于契之庙，歌是诗焉。”郑玄的意思是《毛序》所说的“祀”是合祀，而他所讲到的“雊雉之异”，据《史记·殷本纪》记载，是这么一回事：“帝武丁祭成汤，明日有飞雉登鼎耳而呴(雊)。武丁惧。祖己曰：‘王勿忧，先修政事。’” 据今人的研究，商是以鸟为图腾的民族，“雊雉之异”的传说与“天命玄鸟，降而生商”的神话不无相关。而“天命玄鸟，降而生商”则是... 古诗文网>>

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