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jiā

家

yuán

园

hǎo

好

zài

在

shàng

尚

liú

留

qín

秦

，

chǐ

耻

zuò

作

míng

明

shí

时

shī

失

lù

路

rén

人

。

kǒng

恐

féng

逢

gù

故

lǐ

里

yīng

莺

huā

花

xiào

笑

，

qiě

且

xiàng

向

cháng

长

ān

安

dù

度

yī

一

chūn

春

。

家园好在尚留秦，耻作明时失路人。
恐逢故里莺花笑，且向长安度一春。

标签:

失意感慨抒怀

译文注释

家园依旧，而我还留在长安，耻于政治清明之时仍是仕途不得意之人。回乡担心遭遇到莺与花的嘲笑，只能暂且在长安度过一个春天。

︾查看更多︽收起更多

译文注释

好在：依旧。
尚：常用在复句的上一分句中表示让步，以便引起下文，在此是“仍”、“还”的意思。
秦：这里代指长安。
耻：此处是意动用法，“以…为耻”的意思。
明时：指政治清明之时。
失路：指落第不得志，仕途不得意之人。
笑：嘲笑。一说为花开的意思。
且：姑且，暂且。

来源：

赏析

考场失意，千百年来就是读书人心中永远的伤痛，无数士人在仕进之旅中尝尽辛酸。古往今来，不知有多少文人墨客将这种情绪诉诸笔端常建的《落第长安》和无名氏的《杂》就充分刻画了金榜无名的失望和痛苦，无颜归家的无奈与悲伤。
唐代诗人常建一生沉沦失意，《落第长安》是他落第失意之作。本诗以设疑起句，诗人本来有个充满幸福和温馨的家，但不能回去，还要留在异地他乡。这种设疑的手法，促使读者往下读。“耻”、“失路人”揭出了谜底——政治清明却金榜无名，作者这个落榜之人只能无限羞愧。
作者不回家，是因为害怕家乡的花鸟会耻笑于他。从“莺花笑”... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

常建(708-765)，唐代诗人，字号不详，有说是邢台人或说长安（今陕西西安）人，开元十五年与王昌龄同榜进士，长仕宦不得意，来往山水名胜，过着一个很长时期的漫游生活。后移家隐居鄂渚。大历中，曾任盱眙尉。百科详情>>

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