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疏影·梅影

【作者】张炎【朝代】宋

拼音

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。

黄昏片月。似碎阴满地，还更清绝。枝北枝南，疑有疑无，几度背灯难折。依稀倩女离魂处，缓步出、前村时节。看夜深、竹外横斜，应妒过云明灭。
窥镜蛾眉淡抹。为容不在貌，独抱孤洁。莫是花光，描取春痕，不怕丽谯吹彻。还惊海上然犀去，照水底、珊瑚如活。做弄得、酒醒天寒，空对一庭香雪。

标签:

梅花咏物动植物

译文注释

当一片凉月在黄昏中升起来时，它就像那洒满地上的碎阴，甚至比这还更清绝。无论是北枝还是南枝，看上去都似有似无。好几次想去折取一枝，可是一背着灯光，就寻找不到了。当那位倩女的精魂轻飘飘地离开躯体，慢悠悠地走出村前来的时候，看见梅花横斜在深夜的竹林旁，随着云彩飘过，这影子也轻盈地闪动起来，她想必会嫉妒吧。对着镜子，淡淡画出蛾眉。是啊，修饰仪容，不在外貌美艳，而在于心灵的孤高纯洁。莫非这盈盈的光影，本是美人眉心那朵梅花妆的印迹，因此任凭高楼上《梅花落》的曲子吹了又吹，它都全不在意。啊，它又像人们在大海上燃亮犀角时，吃惊地看见水中的珊瑚忽然活动起来，我看着、猜着、想着，慢慢酒醒了。一切幻影都消失了，眼前只有满庭香雪也似的梅花开放着，在寒冷的天气里。

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译文注释

疏影：词牌名，又名疏影慢绿意绿影暗绿佳色解佩环。双调一百十字，前段十句五仄韵，后段十句四仄韵。双调一百十字，前段九句五仄韵，后段十句四仄韵；双调一百十字，前后段各十句、四仄韵等变体。
倩女离魂：唐陈玄佑传奇小说《离魂记》
中载：张镒在衡州做官，把女儿倩娘许给他的外甥王宙，两人亦互相爱慕。后张镒又把倩娘许给别人，王宙知道后愤而离去。夜半，倩娘忽到王宙船中，两人遂一同逃往四川。五年后，倩娘回娘家探亲，谁知起来迎接的正是她自己本人，两身遂合而为一。原来在家的是躯壳，回来的是灵魂。
为容：修饰仪容。
莫是：莫非。
春痕：指女子的眉。
丽谯：华美的高楼。
做弄：作弄，指被梅影引起了前面各种想像与幻觉。

来源：

赏析

梅、兰、竹、菊，古人称之为“四君子”。其中梅以纤尘不染，高洁雅致为世人所称。古人说：梅以韵胜，以格高，即说于此。古今诗词诸家咏梅者众，而张炎的这首咏梅词立意深远，其超脱了梅的形质本体，专咏梅影，其意似在韵格之外。
上片首先，“黄昏片月”，写梅而先言片月，继承古人咏梅传统，即咏梅影必先写月，以月来衬托梅影，为梅影的出现准备了条件。接下来，词人精雕细刻，为月下梅影传神写照。词人从七个方面刻画梅影，这里姑且称为“梅影七笔”。曰：“清绝影”，“疑似影” ，“缥缈影 ”，“竹外影 ”，“淡洁影”， “贞固影”，“玲珑影”。七笔连... 诗词名句网>>

作者介绍

张炎（1248年－1320年），字叔夏，号玉田，晚年号乐笑翁。祖籍陕西凤翔。六世祖张俊，宋朝著名将领。父张枢，“西湖吟社”重要成员，妙解音律，与著名词人周密相交。张炎是勋贵之后，前半生居于临安，生活优裕，而宋亡以后则家道中落，晚年漂泊落拓。著有《山中白云词》，存词302首。张炎另一重要的贡献在于创作了中国最早的词论专著《词源》，总结整理了宋末雅词一派的主要艺术思想与成就，其中以“清空”，“骚雅”为主要主张。百科详情>>

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