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鸱鸮鸱鸮，既取我子，无毁我室。恩斯勤斯，鬻子之闵斯。
迨天之未阴雨，彻彼桑土，绸缪牖户。今女下民，或敢侮予？
予手拮据，予所捋荼。予所蓄租，予口卒瘏，曰予未有室家。
予羽谯谯，予尾翛翛，予室翘翘。风雨所漂摇，予维音哓哓！

标签:

写鸟哲理诗经动植物寓人寓理

译文注释

猫头鹰你这恶鸟，已经夺走了我的雏子，再不能毁去我的窝巢。我含辛茹苦，早已为养育雏子病了！
我趁着天未阴雨，啄取那桑皮桑根，将窗扇门户缚紧。现在你们树下的人，还有谁敢将我欺凌！
我用拘挛的手爪，采捋茅草花；又蓄积干草垫底，喙角也累得病啦，只为了还未筑好的家。
我的翅羽稀落，我的尾羽枯槁；我的巢儿垂危，正在风雨中飘摇。我只能惊恐地哀号！

︾查看更多︽收起更多

译文注释

⑴鸱鸮（chī xiāo）：猫头鹰。
⑵子：指幼鸟。
⑶室：鸟窝。
⑷恩：爱。《鲁》“恩”作“殷”，尽心之意。斯：语助词。
⑸鬻（yù）：育。闵：病。
⑹迨（dài）：及。
⑺彻：通“撤”，取。桑土：《韩诗》作“桑杜”，桑根。
⑻绸缪（móu）：缠缚，密密缠绕。牖（yǒu）：窗。户：门。
⑼女：汝。下民：下面的人。或：有。
⑽拮（jié）据（jū）：手病，此指鸟脚爪劳累。
⑾捋（luō）：成把地摘取。荼：茅草花。
⑿蓄：积蓄。租：通“苴”（居），茅草。
⒀卒瘏（tú）：患病。卒通“悴”。室家：指鸟窝。
⒁谯（qiáo）谯：羽毛疏落貌。
⒂翛（xiāo）翛：羽毛枯敝无泽貌。
⒃翘（qiáo）翘：危而不稳貌。
⒄哓（xiāo）哓：惊恐的叫声。

来源：古诗文网

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寓言是一种借说故事以寄寓人生感慨或哲理的特殊表现方式。它的主角可以是现实中人，也可以是神话、传说中的虚幻人物，而更多的则是自然界中的虫鱼鸟兽、花草木石。这种表现方式，在战国的诸子百家之说中曾被广为运用，使古代的说理散文增添了动人的艺术魅力，放射出奇异的哲理光彩但以寓言作，在先秦却不多见；只是到了汉代，才在乐府诗中成批涌现，一时蔚为奇观。倘要追溯它的源头，虽然可与战国诸子之作遥相接续，但其“天造草昧”的创制，还得首推这首在“诗三百篇”中也属凤毛麟角的《鸱鸮》。
这首诗的主角，是一头孤弱无助的母鸟。当它在诗中出场的时候，正是... 古诗文网>>

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