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载芟载柞，其耕泽泽。千耦其耕，徂隰徂畛。侯主侯伯，侯亚侯旅，侯彊侯以。有嗿其馌，思媚其妇，有依其士。有略其耜，俶载南亩，播厥百谷。实函斯活，驿驿其达。有厌其杰，厌厌其苗，绵绵其麃。载获济济，有实其积，万亿及秭。为酒为醴，烝畀祖妣，不洽百礼。有飶其香。邦家之光。有椒其馨，胡考之宁。匪且有且，匪今斯今，振古如兹。

标签:

祭祀目的乐歌诗经

译文注释

又除草来又砍树，
田头翻耕松土壤。
千对农人在耕地，
洼地坡田都前往。
家主带着长子来，
子弟晚辈也到场，
有壮汉也有雇工，
地头吃饭声音响。
妇女温柔又娇媚，
小伙子们真强壮。
耜的尖刃多锋利，
南面那田先耕上。
播撒百谷的种子，
颗粒饱满生机旺。
小芽纷纷拱出土，
长出苗儿好漂亮。
禾苗越长越茂盛，
谷穗下垂长又长。
收获谷物真是多，
露天堆满打谷场，
成万成亿难计量。
酿造清酒与甜酒，
进献先祖先妣尝，
完成百礼供祭飧。
祭献食品喷喷香，
是我邦家有荣光。
献祭椒酒香喷喷，
祝福老人常安康。
不是现在才这样，
不是今年才这样，
万古都有这景象。

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译文注释

（1）载芟（shān）载柞（zuò）：芟，割除杂草；柞，砍除树木。载……载……，连词，又……又……
（2）泽泽：通“释释”，土解。
（3）千耦：耦，二人并耕；千，概数，言其多。耘：除田间杂草。
（4）徂（cú）：往。隰（xí）：低湿地。畛（zhěn）：高坡田。
（5）侯：语助词，犹“维”。主：家长，古代一国或一家之长均称主。伯：长子。
（6）亚：叔、仲诸子。旅：幼小子弟辈。
（7）疆：同“强”，强壮者。以：雇工。
（8）嗿（tǎn）：众人饮食声。有嗿，嗿嗿。馌（yè）：送给田间耕作者的饮食。
（9）思：语助词。媚：美。
（10）依：壮盛。士：毛传训“子弟也”，朱熹《集传》训“夫也”。
（11）有略：略略。略，锋利。耜（sì）：古代农具名，用于耕作翻土，西周时用青铜制成锋利的尖刃，是后世犁铧的前身。
（12）俶（chù）：始。载：读作“菑”，用农具把草翻埋到地下。南亩：向阳的田地。
（13）实：种子。函：含。斯：乃。活：活生生。
（14）驿驿：《尔雅》作“绎绎”，朱熹《诗集传》训“苗生貌”。达：出土。
（15）厌：美好。杰：特出之苗。
（16）麃（biāo）：谷物的穗。
（17）亿：十万。秭（zǐ）：一万亿。
（18）醴（lǐ）：甜酒。
（19）烝：进。畀（bì），给予。祖妣：祖父、祖母以上的祖先。
（20）洽：合。以洽百礼，谓合于各种礼仪的需用。
（21）有飶（bì）：飶飶，飶通“苾”，芬芳。
（22）椒：以椒浸制的酒。
（23）胡考：长寿，指老人。
（24）匪（fēi）：非。且：此。上“且”字谓此时，下“且”字谓此事。
（25）振古：终古。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

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