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六月二十日夜渡海

【作者】苏轼【朝代】宋

拼音

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shēn

参

héng

横

dǒu

斗

zhuǎn

转

yù

欲

sān

三

gēng

更

，

kǔ

苦

yǔ

雨

zhōng

终

fēng

风

yě

也

jiě

解

qíng

晴

。

yún

云

sàn

散

yuè

月

míng

明

shuí

谁

diǎn

点

zhuì

缀

？

tiān

天

róng

容

hǎi

海

sè

色

běn

本

chéng

澄

qīng

清

。

kòng

空

yú

余

lǔ

鲁

sǒu

叟

chéng

乘

fú

桴

yì

意

，

cū

粗

shí

识

xuān

轩

yuán

辕

zòu

奏

yuè

乐

shēng

声

。

jiǔ

九

sǐ

死

nán

南

huāng

荒

wú

吾

bù

不

hèn

恨

，

zī

兹

yóu

游

qí

奇

jué

绝

guān

冠

píng

平

shēng

生

。

参横斗转欲三更，苦雨终风也解晴。
云散月明谁点缀？天容海色本澄清。
空余鲁叟乘桴意，粗识轩辕奏乐声。
九死南荒吾不恨，兹游奇绝冠平生。

标签:

游历写景抒情

译文注释

参星横北斗转已经快到三更时分，经久不息的风雨也终该放睛。云忽散月儿明用不着谁人来点缀，海天一色的景色本来就是澄澈清明。空怀着孔子乘桴浮于海的志向，此刻涛声仿佛是黄帝成池优美的乐声。被贬南荒虽然九死一生吾不悔恨，这次远游是我平生最奇绝的经历。

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译文注释

参（shēn）横斗转：参星横斜，北斗星转向，说明时值夜深。参，斗，两星宿名，皆属二十八星宿。横，转，指星座位置的移动。
苦雨终风：久雨不停，终日刮大风。“天容”句：青天碧海本来就是澄清明净的。比喻自己本来清白，政乱污陷如蔽月的浮云，终会消散。
鲁叟：指孔子。
乘桴（fú）：乘船。桴，小筏子。据《论语·公冶长》载，孔子曾说：“道（王道）不行，乘桴浮于海。”
奏乐声：这里形容涛声。也隐指老庄玄理。《庄子·天运》中说，黄帝在洞庭湖边演奏《咸池》乐曲，并借音乐说了一番玄理。
轩辕：即黄帝。
南荒：僻远荒凉的南方。
恨：悔恨。兹游：这次海南游历，实指贬谪海南。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

纪评此说：“前半纯是比体。如此措辞，自无痕迹。”“比”，即“以彼物比此物”；而“以彼物比此物”，就很难不露痕迹。但这四句诗，却是不露“比”的痕迹的。
“参横斗转”，是夜间渡海时所见；“欲三更”，则是据此所作的判断曹植《善哉行》：“月没参横，北斗阑干。”这说明“参横斗转”，在中原是指天快黎明之时的景象。而在海南，则与此不同，王文诰指出：“六月二十日海外之二、三鼓时，则参已早见矣。”这句诗写了景，更写了人。一是表明“欲三更”，黑夜已过去了一大半；二是表明天空是晴朗的，剩下的一小半夜路也不难走。因此，这句诗调子明朗，可见当时诗... 古诗文网>>

苏轼绍圣四年(一o九七)被贬海南，六月十一日渡海南下，次日至海南岛，元符三年(一一oo)五月遇赦，六月二十明晃晃度海北上，量移(被贬到远方的官员，遇赦酌量移到较原地靠京城较近的地方做官)廉州(今广西合浦、灵山等地)，在海南岛稽留的时间正好是三年零八天。这首诗就是写渡海北上那个晚上的情景。
头一句说发船渡海正是三更时分(约在晚上十一时至十二时)，参星横挂在天上，北斗七星的斗柄已转得很低。这里关于星斗的描写是化用古人“月没参横，北斗阑干”的诗句，可能是当时的真实情景，也可能不是，只是用来说明渡海的时间是在半夜里，也说明黑夜... 诗词名句网>>

作者介绍

苏轼（1037年1月8日－1101年8月24日），字子瞻，号“东坡居士”，世称“苏东坡”。汉族，眉州人。北宋诗人、词人，宋代文学家，是豪放派词人的主要代表之一，“唐宋八大家”之一。在政治上属于旧党，但也有改革弊政的要求。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，其诗题材广泛，内容丰富，现存诗3900余首。代表作品有《水调歌头·中秋》、《赤壁赋》、《江城子·乙卯正月二十日夜记梦》、《记承天寺夜游》等。百科详情>>

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六月二十日夜渡海

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