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【作者】佚名【朝代】先秦

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tiān

天

bǎo

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dìng

定

ěr

尔

，

yì

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kǒng

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zhī

之

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。

bǐ

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hé

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bǐ

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yì

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yǐ

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。

tiān

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gǔ

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。

qìng

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受

tiān

天

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。

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shén

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zhī

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yí

诒

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duō

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。

mín

民

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，

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wú

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huò

或

chéng

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。

天保定尔，亦孔之固。俾尔单厚，何福不除？俾尔多益，以莫不庶。
天保定尔，俾尔戬穀。罄无不宜，受天百禄。降尔遐福，维日不足。
天保定尔，以莫不兴。如山如阜，如冈如陵，如川之方至，以莫不增。
吉蠲为饎，是用孝享。禴祠烝尝，于公先王。君曰：卜尔，万寿无疆。
神之吊矣，诒尔多福。民之质矣，日用饮食。群黎百姓，遍为尔德。
如月之恒，如日之升。如南山之寿，不骞不崩。如松柏之茂，无不尔或承。

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诗经祝福目的

译文注释

上天保佑你安定，江山稳固又太平。给你待遇确宽厚，一切福分都赐尽。使你得益多又多，没有东西不丰盛。
　　上天保佑你安定，降你福禄与太平。一切称心又如愿，接受天赐数不清。给你远处的福分，唯恐每天缺零星。
　　上天保佑你安定，没有事业不振兴。上天恩情如山岭，上天恩情如丘陵，恩情如潮忽然至，一切增多真幸运。
　　吉日沐浴备酒食，用它将那上天祭。四季祭祀祖庙里，先公先王在一起。神尸说要给你福，江山万代无尽时。
　　神灵受祭降下土，送给君王多福庆。人民纯朴又善良，有吃有穿真高兴。天下所有老百姓，受你感化有德行。
　　你像上弦月渐满，又像太阳正东升，你像南山寿无穷，江山万年不亏崩。你像松柏长茂盛，子子孙孙相传承。

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译文注释

⑴孔：很。
⑵俾：使。尔：你，即周宣王。单厚：确实很多。单，“宣”之假借，确实。
⑶除：给予。
⑷庶：众多。
⑸戬（jiǎn）谷：幸福。
⑹罄：所有。
⑺维：通“惟”，惟恐。
⑻阜（fù）：土山。
⑼川之方至：河水涨潮。
⑽吉：吉日。蠲（juān）：祭祀前沐浴斋戒使清洁。馆：祭祀用的酒食。
⑾是用：即用是，用此。
⑿禴（yuè）祠烝尝：一年四季在宗庙里举行的祭祀的名称，春祠，夏禴，秋尝，冬烝。
⒀公：先公，周之远祖。
⒁卜：“畀”字之借，给予。君：祭祀中扮演先王的神尸。
⒂吊：降临。
⒃诒（yí）：通“贻”，送给。
⒄质：质朴。
⒅徧（biàn）：“遍”的异体字。为：通“化”，感化。
⒆恒：“緪（gēng）”的假借，指月到上弦。
⒇骞（qiān）：因风雨剥蚀而亏损。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

《天保》是一首为君王祝愿和祈福的。《毛诗序》云：“《天保》，下报上也。君能下下以成其政，臣能归美以报其上焉。”更具体一些，“此诗乃是召公致政于宣王之时祝贺宣王亲政的诗”（详赵逵夫《论西周末年杰出诗人召伯虎》，见《诗经国际学术研讨会论文集》）。诗歌表达了作为宣王的抚养人、老师及臣子的召伯虎在宣王登基之初对新王的热情鼓励及殷切期望，即期望宣王登位后能励精图治，完成中兴大业，重振先祖雄风。实际上，也表达了召伯虎作为一个具有远见卓识的政治家的政治理想。
全诗六章，第一章是说宣王受天命即位，地位稳固长久。语重心长地鼓励说：“天保定... 古诗文网>>

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