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【作者】高适【朝代】唐

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qiān

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黄昏的落日使千里浮云变得暗黄；北风劲吹，大雪纷纷，雁儿南飞。不要担心前方的路上没有知己，普天之下还有谁不知道您呢？就像鸟儿六翮飘摇自伤自怜，离开京洛已经十多年。大丈夫贫贱谁又心甘情愿，今天相逢可掏不出酒钱。

千里黄云白日曛，北风吹雁雪纷纷。

黄昏的落日使千里浮云变得暗黄；北风劲吹，大雪纷纷，雁儿南飞。

莫愁前路无知己，天下谁人不识君？

不要担心前方的路上没有知己，普天之下还有谁不知道您呢？

六翮飘飖私自怜，一离京洛十余年。

就像鸟儿六翮飘摇自伤自怜，离开京洛已经十多年。

丈夫贫贱应未足，今日相逢无酒钱。

大丈夫贫贱谁又心甘情愿，今天相逢可掏不出酒钱。

千里黄云白日曛，北风吹雁雪纷纷。
莫愁前路无知己，天下谁人不识君？
六翮飘飖私自怜，一离京洛十余年。
丈夫贫贱应未足，今日相逢无酒钱。

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劝慰赠别豪迈友情抒情目的情感祝福数字

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

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译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

⑴董大：指董庭兰，是当时有名的音乐家　。在其兄弟中排名第一，故称“董大”。
⑵黄云：天上的乌云，在阳光下，乌云是暗黄色，所以叫黄云。曛：昏暗。白日曛，即太阳黯淡无光。
⑶谁人：哪个人。君：你，这里指董大。
⑷翮（hé）：鸟的羽翼。飘飖（yáo）：飘动。六翮飘飖，比喻四处奔波而无结果。
⑸京洛：长安和洛阳。

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

《别董大》是唐代诗人高适的组诗作品，这首诗是诗人与董大久别重逢后又各奔他方时的赠别之作。前两句用白描手法写别时景物。“千里黄云白日曛，北风吹雁雪纷纷”以其内心之真，写别离心绪，故能深挚；以胸襟之阔，叙眼前景色，故能悲壮。落日黄云，大野苍茫，唯北方冬日有此景象。此情此景，若稍加雕琢，即不免斫伤气势。高适于此自是作手。日暮黄昏，且又大雪纷飞，于北风狂吹中，唯见遥空断雁，出没寒云，使人难禁日暮天寒、游子何之之感。以才人而沦落至此，几使人无泪可下，亦唯如此，故知己不能为之甘心。这两句以叙景而见内心之郁积，虽不涉人事，已使人如置身风雪之中，似闻山巅水涯有壮士长啸，开阔悲壮，为抒情蓄势。此处如不用尽气力，则不能见下文转折之妙，也不能见下文言辞之婉转，用心之良苦，友情之深挚，别意之凄酸。后两句直抒别情。“莫愁前路无知己，天下谁人不识君”是对朋友的劝慰。话说得响亮而有力，于慰藉中充满着信心和力量，激励朋友抖擞精神去奋斗、去拼搏。因为是知音，说话才朴质而豪爽；又因其沦落，才以希望为慰藉。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

这首送别诗当作于唐玄宗天宝六载（747）冬，送别对象董大的身份尚无法确定。敦煌选本《唐诗选》残卷两首次序颠倒，题为《别董令望》，此董令望不可考。有学者认为，董大就是当时著名的琴师董庭兰。后诗曰“一离京洛十馀年”，高适于开元二十六年（738）离京回宋中，至天宝六载整十年；又日“今日相逢无酒钱”，应尚未为封丘尉。天宝六载春，吏部尚书房琯被贬出朝，门客董庭兰也离开长安。这时高适也很不得志，到处浪游，常处于贫贱的境遇之中。天宝六载冬，高适与董庭兰会于睢阳（故址在今河南商丘南），写了《别董大二首》。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊

《别董大》属于送别诗，送别诗是抒发诗人离别之情的传统诗歌。著名的代表人物有李白，王维，王昌龄等。

“君”是指董大，因为这首诗是送别董大而做的。

“莫愁前路无知己，天下谁人不识君？”意思是不要担心前方的路上没有知己，普天之下还有谁不知道您呢？这是送别时对朋友的劝慰。可用于送别友人时来安慰朋友。

高适的边塞诗与岑参齐名，并称“高岑”。

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高适（700-765），渤海蓨（今河北衡水市景县）人，是我国唐代著名的边塞诗人，世称高常侍，作品收录于《高常侍集》。高适与岑参并称“高岑”，其诗作笔力雄健，气势奔放，洋溢着盛唐时期所特有的奋发进取、蓬勃向上的时代精神。百科详情>>

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