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卜算子·黄州定慧院寓居作

【作者】苏轼【朝代】宋

拼音

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shì

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似非吃烟火食人语。非胸中有万卷书，笔下无一点尘俗气，孰能至是。
缺月挂疏桐，漏断人初静。时见幽人独往来，缥缈孤鸿影。
惊起却回头，有恨无人省。拣尽寒枝不肯栖，枫落吴江冷。

标签:

孤独抒怀咏物情感

译文注释

弯弯的勾月悬挂在疏落的梧桐树上；夜阑人静，漏壶的水早已滴光了。有谁见到幽居的人独自往来，仿佛天边孤雁般缥缈的身影。突然惊起又回过头来，心有怨恨却无人知情。挑遍了寒枝也不肯栖息，甘愿在沙洲忍受寂寞凄冷。

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译文注释

⑴词题一本作“黄州定惠寺寓居作”。定慧院：一作定惠院，在今湖北省黄岗县东南。苏轼初贬黄州，寓居于此。
⑵漏：指更漏而言，古人计时用的漏壶。这里“漏断”即指深夜。
⑶“时”有版本用“谁”；幽人：幽居的人，形容孤雁。幽：《易·履卦》：“幽人贞吉”，其义为幽囚。引申为幽静、优雅。
⑷缥缈：隐隐约约，若有若无。孤鸿：张九龄《感遇十二首》之四：“孤鸿海上来。”胡仔《苕溪渔隐丛话》前集三十九：“此词本咏夜景，至换头但只说鸿，正如《贺新郎》词‘乳燕飞华屋’，至换头但只说榴花。….“按两词均系泛咏，本未尝有”夜景“等题，多说鸿，多说石榴，既无所妨，亦未必因之而奇妙。胡评似未谛。
⑸省（xǐng）：理解，明白。“无人省“，犹言”无人识“。
⑹或以为“拣尽寒枝“有语病。稗海本《野客丛书》：”观隋李元操《鸿雁行》曰：‘夕宿寒枝上，朝飞空井旁。’坡语岂无自邪？“此言固是。寒枝意广泛，又说”不肯栖“，本属无碍。此句亦有良禽择木而栖的意思。《左传·哀公十一年》：”鸟则择木，木岂能择鸟。“杜甫《遣愁》：”择木知幽鸟。“
⑺沙洲：江河中由泥沙淤积而成的陆地。末句一本作“枫落吴江冷“，全用唐人崔信明断句，且上下不接，恐非。

来源：古诗文网

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