临江仙·夜登小阁，忆洛中旧游

【作者】陈与义【朝代】宋

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忆昔午桥桥上饮，坐中多是豪英。长沟流月去无声。杏花疏影里，吹笛到天明。
二十余年如一梦，此身虽在堪惊。闲登小阁看新晴。古今多少事，渔唱起三更。

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情感回忆宋词三百首感伤豪放

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

回忆当年在午桥畅饮，在座的都是英雄豪杰。月光映在河面，随水悄悄流逝，在杏花的淡淡影子里，吹起竹笛直到天明。二十多年的岁月仿佛一场春梦，我虽身在，回首往昔却胆战心惊。百无聊赖中登上小阁楼观看新雨初晴的景致。古往今来多少历史事迹，都让渔人在半夜里当歌来唱。

︾查看更多︽收起更多

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

①临江仙：词牌名，又称《鸳鸯梦》、《雁后归》、《庭院深深》。双调，上片五句，押三平韵，三十字；下片同，共六十字。 ②午桥：在洛阳南面。坐中：在一起喝酒的人。 ③豪英：出色的人物。这两句说：想从前在午桥桥头饮宴，在一起喝酒的都是英雄好汉。 ④长沟流月：月光随着流水悄悄地消逝。此句即杜甫《旅夜书怀》“月涌大江流”之意，谓时间如流水般逝去。去无声：表示月亮西沉，夜深了。 ⑤疏影：稀疏的影子。这两句说，在杏花稀疏的影子里吹起短笛，一直欢乐到天明。 ⑥二十余年：二十多年来的经历（包括北宋亡国的大变乱）。堪惊：总是心战胆跳。这两句说，二十多年好像一场春梦，我亲身经历了亡国的变乱，自己虽然还活着，回想起来总是胆战心惊。 ⑦新晴：新雨初晴。晴，这里指晴夜。渔唱：打鱼人编的歌儿。这三句说，百无聊赖地登上小楼，看看雨后初晴的月夜景色。古往今来多少大事，也不过让打鱼的人编作歌儿在三更半夜里唱唱罢了。 ⑧三更：古代漏记时，自黄昏至拂晓分为五刻，即五更，三更正是午夜。

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

上片忆旧。“忆昔午桥桥上饮，坐中多是豪英。“忆昔午桥桥上饮，坐中多是豪英。“忆昔午桥桥上饮，坐中多是豪英。　“二十余年如一梦，此身虽在堪惊。”接着写道：“闲登小阁看新晴。古今多少事，渔唱起三更。”这首词通过回忆在洛阳的游乐来抒发作者对国家沦陷的悲痛和漂泊四方的寂寞。以对比的手法，明快的笔调，通过对旧游生活的回忆，抒发了北宋亡国后深沉的感慨。寥寥几笔，勾画出来的自我形象相当丰满。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

这首词大概是在公元1135年（宋高宗绍兴五年）或六年陈与义退居青墩镇僧舍时所作，时年四十六或四十七岁。北宋灭亡，陈与义流离逃难，艰苦备尝，而南宋朝廷在播迁之后，仅能自立，他回忆二十多年的往事，百感交集，不禁感叹今昔巨变，写下了这首词。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊

这首词上下片运用的主要表达方式分别是和，全词表达了作者的思想感情。答：记叙和议论（抒情）对国家沦陷的悲痛和漂泊四方的寂寞。

“杏花疏影里，吹笛到天明”运用了什么表现手法？请结合词句内容简要分析。答：①运用了动静结合的表现手法。②借杏花疏影、景色幽香的静景和伴着清韵悠远的笛声欢歌到天明的动景。③描写了作者当年在良辰美景中与朋友一起借着酒兴尽情戏闹的游乐情形。

全词围绕“闲”的心绪，作者发出了怎样的感慨？答：①从洛阳旧游到如今偏寓江南之“闲”，感慨国事的盛衰兴亡；②从昔日与英豪交往到如今此身独在之“闲”，感慨个人与知交的零落；③从二十多年的转瞬即逝到夜登小阁之“闲”，感慨时光飞逝而功业无成。

赏析

这首《临江仙》词大概是在高宗绍兴五年（1135）年或六年（1136 ）年陈与义退居青墩镇僧舍时所作，当时作者四十六或四十七岁。陈与义是洛阳人，他追忆起二十多年前的洛阳中旧游，那时是徽宗政和年间，当时天下太平无事，可以有游赏之乐。其后金兵南下，北宋灭亡，陈与义流离逃难，备尝艰苦，而南宋朝廷在南迁之后，仅能自立，回忆二十多年的往事，真是百感交集。但是当他作词以抒发此种悲慨之时，并不直抒胸臆，而是用委婉的笔调唱叹而出（这正是作词的要诀）。上片是追忆洛中旧游。午桥在洛阳南，唐朝裴度有别墅在此。“杏花疏影里，吹笛到天明”二句，的确是造... 诗词名句网>>

作者介绍

陈与义(1090-1138)，字去非，号简斋，汉族，其先祖居京兆，自曾祖陈希亮迁居洛阳，故为宋代河南洛阳人（现在属河南）。他生于宋哲宗元祐五年(1090年)，卒于南宋宋高宗绍兴八年(1138年)。北宋末，南宋初年的杰出诗人，同时也工于填词。其词存于今者虽仅十余首，却别具风格，尤近于苏东坡，语意超绝，笔力横空，疏朗明快，自然浑成，著有《简斋集》。位列江西诗派“一祖三宗” 百科详情>>

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